How to Start, Manage, and Scale an Airbnb Business in 2024 (Step-by-Step)

Do you want to break into the short-term rental space? It’s not as simple as picking a popular market, buying a rental property, and listing it online. To have a successful Airbnb business, there are three crucial steps you need to take, and we’re going to break them down in this episode!

Welcome back to the Real Estate Rookie podcast! In just four years, Tony and Sara Robinson have built a very successful vacation rental portfolio that is on track to make over two million dollars in revenue in 2024. Today, they’re going to discuss the most important components of their business, what they wish they had known before they started, some of the biggest mistakes they’ve made along the way, and what has allowed them to scale so quickly.

We’ll start at square one, helping you devise a game plan and analyzing markets to invest in. Then, we’ll show you how to make your property stand out with several helpful (and affordable) furnishing and design tips. Finally, we’ll show you how to craft systems and processes that will allow you to streamline management and scale your portfolio to multiple properties across several states!

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Listen to the Podcast Here

Read the Transcript Here

Tony:
There are millions of short-term rentals in the United States. Now, whatever your market is, there’s likely going to be a little bit of competition in your area. So how will your Airbnb be a success? Look, whether you’re new to the game or a season host, mastering the ins and outs of managing your Airbnb can make all the difference in your profits and in your guest experience. So today we’re going to break down the top three ways you can make your short-term rental succeed from your first booking and beyond. So guys, welcome back to the Real Estate Rookie podcast. I’m Tony J Robinson, and sadly I’m not joined by Ashley Kehr because she’s away traveling. But we’ll be back together again in a few weeks. Don’t worry. But this is the podcast where every week, three times a week, we bring you the inspiration, motivation, and stories you need to hear to kickstart your investing journey. And today I’m joined by someone. Super special, my wife Sara Robinson.

Sara:
Thank you so much for having me. Hubby. Welcome to the Bob. I’m so bummed that Ashley’s in here. I thought I was doing this with Ashley. I’m a big fan.

Tony:
Oh yeah, it’s just me and you, Sue.

Sara:
I see him every day, guys. bp, what happened?

Tony:
So guys, we’re going to discuss today how to price your Airbnb, how to make your Airbnb stand out, how to streamline the management, really scale this business up. Alright, so I guess the first question that comes to mind is we’ve been in this business for about four years now. In the short-term rental side, specifically portfolios did just over 2 million last year. We’re probably going to do a little bit more than that this year with the hotel, especially now. We’ve made a lot of mistakes along the way. We’ve done a lot of things.

Sara:
So many. Yes.

Tony:
I guess in your mind, babe, what do you think makes a successful Airbnb today?

Sara:
You, that’s a really good question because I think sometimes I even doubt myself. I know I have this imposter syndrome that I struggle with often about am I even an Airbnb host? Am I an investor? I feel like I struggle with knowing that about myself because I feel like we messed up so much with all that I just said. What makes the most successful STR is doing your due diligence and really setting it up and doing all the things that I feel we didn’t do from the beginning. In the beginning, I feel like we have our YouTube channel and you talk about it on the podcast, we’ve truly just kind of learned as we’ve gone. And I think the most successful STR operators and just properties are the ones that really, really take their time, do their due diligence, research, take their time, setting it up, do a killer design from the beginning. So I think that’s

Tony:
The answer. I think especially now when we first started, there were a lot of not very good properties,

Sara:
Hundred percent

Tony:
Begins. But now we’ve seen the market shift where there’s a lot of new builds. Properties have been built specifically to be an Airbnb and those are tough properties compete against if you’re just taking a regular home and just putting nice furniture in. So the new construction I think has played a really big role, especially the markets they’re in. So like Joshua Tree, a lot of new construction in that market

Sara:
And they’re like cool properties, not just new construction. The architectures is cool, the details are elevated details,

Tony:
And even for us in our portfolio, our new construction properties outperform our rehabbed properties

Sara:
A hundred percent.

Tony:
So the new construction is a big piece. Same thing with Smoky Mountains. Now a lot of the new cabins have indoor pools and we have one with an indoor pool. We have four that don’t, and the one with the indoor pool is one of our better performing properties. So I think, like Sarah said, just having a really solid game plan going into it is super important. Now, I think the mistake that a lot of people make is when we talk about successful, I think people automatically assume that if you buy in a market that’s popular,

Sara:
That’s

Tony:
Automatically going to guarantee your success

Sara:
A hundred percent,

Tony:
Which is not the case.

Sara:
Do not do that. If you’re listening to this podcast, take that away.

Tony:
Anyone who I meet that’s like from the Midwest to the east coast and ask them where do you want to buy your first Airbnb? They almost always say Florida.

Sara:
Oh really? It’s

Tony:
Almost always, oh, we have kids. We love going to Disney. We think we want to buy in Orlando.

Sara:
Oh my God. And

Tony:
Orlando is by far one of the most competitive markets on the planet for

Sara:
Short term rentals.

Tony:
But people assume that just because there’s all the amusements there, because the travel and tourism is

Sara:
So strong, there’s just so many people that

Tony:
You’re going to do well. But it’s like how much money will you have to invest to be profitable in that market or be fully booked in that market? And can you do that profitably?

Sara:
Yeah,

Tony:
Some of the coolest Airbnbs we’ve stayed at, were in Orlando, and when I think about what they put into it,

Sara:
Yeah, go on Airbnb after this podcast and just search Airbnbs in Florida and they are insane what they do in those houses.

Tony:
Yeah, it’s literally like they took the theme park and put it into the Airbnb and that’s a big investment. So even if you’re going to be booked, even if you’re going to generate a lot of revenue, can you do it profitably? So I think what makes it super successful, going back to what you said, having a really solid game plan going into it, understanding that a popular market isn’t necessarily a profitable market, and then not treating the design and the amenities as an afterthought, but really doing that at the beginning of the property as well.

Sara:
A hundred percent. Yeah. I think like you said, back in 2020 to 22 era, so many people got into the Airbnb space, bought a house in a popping area, like I said, like Joshua Tree slapped the Airbnb logo on their property and we’re like, heck yeah, we have an Airbnb now, but it’s not that simple.

Tony:
Alright, so stay tuned after this break for more on how to make your Airbnb stand out, we’re going to take a quick break. Now look, if you’re looking for a short-term rental, you need to find the right market first. So go to biggerpockets.com/find a market. Okay? That’s biggerpockets.com/find a market to identify the best locations for your first or your next Airbnb. Alright guys, welcome back to the show. Those are some important things to consider just at a high level of starting your Airbnb business. How do you go to foundational level, set yourself up for success? Well, let’s go into the first step, which is pricing and analyzing your Airbnb correctly. And we touched on this a little bit, not going into a market just because it’s popular and it’s going to make it profitable, but really looking at the data and saying what does the data say about this specific market and the level of foot traffic, how popular a market is is just one of many data points that you should be looking at as you’re evaluating different cities and markets to invest into.
So in addition to the popularity, you also want to look at the price point. If this is a super popular market, how much do I have to spend to even get into this market, right? Because maybe it makes more sense to go into a less popular market where the price point is half than going into a super popular market where the price point is double. I’ll give you an example. There’s an investor that we know, he bought a four bedroom property on the western side of the Smoky Mountains and the Smoky Mountains, one of the biggest short-term rental vacation markets in the United States. And if you were to buy a four bedroom cabin as nice as his on the eastern side where the Pigeon forge in Gatlinburg is, it’s a million bucks easy for that nice cabin. He got his for about I think $600,000 just by going on the other side of the mountain range. So it’s little decisions like that to say, can I get maybe more bang for my buck by choosing the markets that maybe are a little less popular but have a little bit more room for profitability? Another super important part, and guys, the analysis piece is really kind of my jam, which is why Sarah’s,

Sara:
I’m not a numbers girly, he overspend whenever we do a new design. So yeah, math is Tony’s jam, so it only makes sense that he’s telling you guys what he does.

Tony:
So that’s the first piece, right, is looking at the data, not just the popularity, but looking at the price points. Another important thing too, and we’ll talk about this in a bit, but it’s also looking at the saturation and I’ll give you guys some actual data points to look at to gauge the saturation piece, but we’ll talk about that in a bit. And then just also understanding how affordable is this market for me personally? If you say that you get approved for $500,000, does it make more sense for you to go out and get a two bedroom in a popular market at half a million or does it make more sense for you to go get a five bedroom and it may be slightly smaller market and what gives you the better return? So looking at that piece, and then we always try and make sure that when we start drilling down to specific properties that we’re using data from tools like Aird NA, we’re using data from tools like Price Labs to pull comparable Airbnbs in that market and get actual cold hard facts on the type of revenue that those listings generated. The worst thing that you want to do is go out and buy an Airbnb and the only data you have for the revenue is what your realtor told you it was going to do,

Sara:
Which I feel like a lot of people did. A

Tony:
Lot of people did or they did nothing at all, right? They just said, Hey, I like coming here, it’s busy. I’m going to assume that I’ll stay pretty booked. You never want to go into a purchasing decision with that type of data. You want multiple data points to support your ability to confidently buy that deal. So just some of the things you want to keep in mind as you’re searching for Airbnb markets and within those markets, which properties to buy data. Data. Alright. Okay, so the second step we want to focus on here is how to make your Airbnb stand out in a crowded market. Now let’s talk a little bit about the saturation piece, babe, because I think that’s something that especially, maybe not as much this year, but I feel like last year the Airbnb bus was a popular thing for people to talk about, but what do you feel in a more maybe saturated market? What can folks do to really try and stand out?

Sara:
I feel like we are prime examples of putting too many eggs in one basket. So for those of you guys that dunno, we have I think 22 total in Joshua Tree specifically. So girl, when it was good, it was good, we were booming, but when it did get too saturated, like Tony said at the beginning, they started to pop up left and right, really cool new construction properties like luxury and ours is good. They were super cute tiny homes, but now we’re competing with bigger and better products in a ton of ’em at that and some really cheap hacks to making your property look more upscale is lighting. I feel like a lot of people undervalue lighting and you can get, I think it’s like two 50 foot string lights from Costco. I think it’s for like $40. So string lights. What else? I feel like there’s really cool scon lights that you can get on Amazon, on Wayfair,

Tony:
Uplights in the backyard,

Sara:
Like landscape lights on any steps if you have stairs in your outside area, whether the front yard or backyard put these cool little, I think you can use adhesive, something super cheap to get them up there and it just elevates your space so, so much. So yeah, lighting I think is a super easy way to elevate your space. Another really simple and cheaper way to stand out in your market I’d say is by the design. I feel like design is the very first thing that catches someone’s attention when they’re scrolling on the app. It’s the photos that are going to catch someone’s attention and either click into your property or continue scrolling. So the design really needs to be worth stopping the scroll. So I’m big into color. If you guys look at our listings or our Instagram, we share a lot of our properties and I’ve never been one to shy away from color. I feel like color is fun and stands out and is bold compared to the neutral modern, which is stunning also. But I feel like that is just the more popular route or safer route. So we like to use a lot of color, a lot of accent walls. So whether that’s just painting the wall, doing some cool design, I’m big into wallpaper. What else do I

Tony:
Do beyond signs, strip lights?

Sara:
Yeah, kind of like our background. Things like this that make it feel like if you guys watch Love Island, I don’t know if that’s the audience that’s listening right now, but just think of really cute hangout spots. If you and your friends want to go dress up nice, go hang out at a cute coffee shop and take photos. That is the way I like to think as an operator. And the way I like to set up our properties is these people are coming to vacation. So even if you don’t have the big bucks and money to start a pool or a cool game room, you can still make really killer hangout spots that can show so cool on a photo. You can even have lifestyle photos done where you can really sell those cool spots in a regular home. So yeah, if you don’t have money for, what did we just say these crazy game rooms and installing the pool. Yeah, our pool costs us like how much a hundred and no more. It was like 120 K. So I get that’s a lot of money. So design is also a super easy way to just focus in on that and still kill it in that market.

Tony:
You did mention photos, I think that’s one of the super low hanging fruit that we see a lot of new hosts get wrong where they spend all this money getting the property ready, but then they want to skimp the

Sara:
Photography, which can be expensive. So just know when you’re getting quotes from these photographers. Back when we started in 2020, it was like three, 400 bucks and back then we’re like, oh dang, that’s a lot of money. We just redid a property and that same photographer four years later charges $1,200.

Tony:
But it’s well worth it because

Sara:
It

Tony:
Is, you’re not going to photograph your space as well as a professional will so that that’s something that’s super low hanging that you can go out and get done correctly.
But guys, just one thing I want to challenge you guys on because if you’re hearing this and you’re like, well Tony, Sarah, I don’t have the money for a game room, I don’t have the money for a hot tub, I don’t have the money for a whatever it may be. I would prefer that you buy a slightly cheaper property. So if say that you have, let’s use round numbers, say that you have a hundred thousand dollars instead of using 80 of that on your down payment and having 20 leftover to get this thing set up, I would prefer that you use $40,000 for your down payment and then spend the other 60 getting it set up and really nailing the design and the experience. So you always want to gauge your decision on not just your down payment and your closing costs, but the setup costs as well,

Sara:
Right? Yeah.

Tony:
Your design, your furnishings are probably going to run you 15 to 20 bucks per square foot. So if you have a thousand square foot home, expect to spend between 1500 to $2,000 for furnishing, right? I’m sorry, 15,000 to 20,000.

Sara:
I was going to say what the math guy guys, I just give credit, huh?

Tony:
15,000 to 20,000 for furnishing and obviously as a property gets bigger you’ll spend more, but a lot of people treat that decision as an afterthought whenever you look at your pile of cash, it’s not just down payment and closing costs, it’s down payment, closing costs and your setup. So that’s a super important one guys. So that’s I think a good framework for how you stand out in a market design amenities experience to set up your packaging, how you show your listening to the folks that are shopping. But let’s talk a little bit more about the scaling piece and maybe things that people should keep in mind as you’re looking to go from rookie with one property to maybe multiple because I think you and I, again, we scaled super fast.

Sara:
I still cry at night over it.

Tony:
Yeah, we went from three properties at the end of 2020 to I think 15 at the end of 2021. So we added 12 properties. It’s basically a property a month in that one year. And obviously we’ve kind of scaled back on growing that aggressively. But yeah, we five x our portfolio pretty much in one year. What do you think were some of the biggest challenges that we saw as we went from three to 15 in 12 months?

Sara:
Good question. While it’s super exciting to scale and every time you get a property it’s like, oh my god, you just want to tell everybody in the world it’s truly so exciting and something to be proud of. It is also very stressful. At least for me. That’s how I took it. I was like with this excitement also, I felt a lot of weight on my shoulders because now it’s set up time. So like we talked about in the beginning, there’s different steps to becoming a successful short-term rental operator and properties.

Tony:
Have you stayed at an Airbnb based on the amenities that they’ve offered? If so, submit your answers in Spotify or on the YouTube app during this ad break. Alright guys, we’ll be right back. Alright, hey, let’s jump back in. Alright guys, so the third step, Sarah and I are going to focus on teaching you the things we’ve learned, scaling up our Airbnb portfolio and give you some tactical things you can focus on as you scale yours up as well.

Sara:
You knocked it out the park with the analyzing, you got a good deal, you found the perfect market, now you have to set it up correctly. And that takes a lot more work than I think people understand. So I feel we underestimated that and I feel like we just scaled and we’re just kind of wham, bam, knocking ’em out and now we’re 15 properties deep and we don’t have our SOP set up the way a true business should be set up. I think if you want to get into this space and take it seriously, you need to understand that this is going to be a business, treat it like a business, not like a little side hustle because if you treat it like a side hustle, that’s what it’ll be. It won’t be as profitable, it won’t be as streamlined, it won’t be as hands off as you thought. So really implementing SOPs and just documenting everything from the very beginning I think is so critical if you are interested in scaling your short-term rental business.

Tony:
Yeah, I couldn’t agree more. Right before we started this call, before we started recording, we just got two new reviews that came in. They were both five stars and Sarah and I didn’t talk to either one of those guests and it’s because now we built out the right team, the right systems and the right processes, but we made it so much more difficult on ourselves to start building that team out because we didn’t have those things like the best practices and what do you do in this situation documented? It was just all in my mind and Sarah’s mind. It was like this tribal knowledge that we knew what to do, but even for us sometimes it was confusing. It’s like, what did we do last time or how did we handle that situation?

Sara:
So

Tony:
My big, big encouragement for all the rookies that are listening is that it’s so much easier to lay a solid foundation when you have one property than it is to do it when you have five or 10 or 15.
So really start to drill down on how are you going to handle things like guest refunds, what’s going to be your process for quarterly maintenance? What’s going to be your process for managing your cleaners? What’s going to be your process for whatever pops up during the day? Document those things on property number one. That way when you do add property number two or property number three, or maybe one day you hire a virtual assistant or you hire a pm, whatever it may be, you’ve got everything kind of dialed in already. But I think for us, that was probably one of the biggest things for

Sara:
Me, biggest mistakes truly because such a headache. I am the one between the two of us that handles the day-to-day operations and we waited until I would say we were in the tens to really focus in and treat this a true business. So for those of you listening, if you’re even considering getting into this Airbnb space, you need to go into that with the intention of treating it like a business, setting it up like a business from the very beginning, having Google Drive and spreadsheets where you can literally document everything from top to bottom.

Tony:
Now one of the other things too, when we talk about scale, and it is not one of those things that comes to mind, but it’s something that we found to definitely be a challenge as our portfolio grew, but it’s really making sure that you also focus on the admin things for your business. And when I say admin things like your bookkeeping process, figure that out really solidly on property number one, ESSA’s free software. That’s what we started off using. Now we use QuickBooks, you have a bookkeeper, but really dial in your bookkeeping on day one, making sure you understand the local laws and regulations. We actually had one of our short-term rental permits lapse because we missed a deadline or something. I don’t even remember what happened, and we had to file a petition with the county to get the whole thing undone. So just make sure you understand, hey, what is the process for not only applying for the permit initially, but for the renewal processing. So really dialing in on some of those admin things I think caused some headaches for us as we were scaling up as well.

Sara:
Yeah, we’ve had a lot of headaches guys. We’re here to teach you so you guys don’t have to go through those same issues we went through.

Tony:
Yeah, I think guys, there’s a lot of new people who think about investing in Airbnbs who feel that they have to do it in their own backyard. And this isn’t just Airbnb investing, but this is all general investing. But Sarah and I bought our first Airbnb, it was over 2000 miles away from our home. Our first long-term rental was over 2000 miles away from our home. So I think for us, we just naturally jumped into long distance investing and a good chunk of our portfolio is far away from our house. We just renovated the 13 unit motel that was two states away from where we live right now. But when you focus in on having a repeatable process, having good checks and balances within your business, it really does give you the confidence to do this remotely without having to give up. In the short-term rental space, property managers cost 10, 15, 20% of your revenue. So you’re able to build that same kind of foundation without giving up 20% of your revenue from the top.

Sara:
Yeah, I love that you say that, and I just want to share my personal experience. When we first started in this space, I am not a real estate guru. I am very confused what the market, and that’s just not naturally what I’m interested and good at. So I was very, very intimidated with the idea of getting properties so far away and I knew I was going to be the one dealing with the day-to-day management of it. So it was just so intimidating to me. Tony has no fear in the world and is just down to do crazy things like investing in pigeon. We’d never heard of Pigeon Forge before. He was like, Hey babe, I’m buying this cabin. I was like, where the heck is Pigeon Forge? And

Tony:
I was like, I don’t know,

Sara:
But we’re buying it. So that just shows two different kinds of personalities. So if you are listening and feel more afraid of the idea of investing from afar, please take my words of advice, it is way easier than you think. We were speaking at a conference recently, we just had a baby and I told the audience, if you’ve had a baby, I promise having a baby is harder than investing out of state, way harder. So yeah, I hope you guys, you can hear me in my voice and my story and know that you can do it too. It’s way easier than it sounds.

Tony:
Yeah. Well guys, we hope you got value from that. Again, Sarah and I, ups and downs in building up our portfolio. We’ve obviously done a lot of things the right way, but made some mistakes getting there. And our hope today is, again, maybe it’s tactical, but more so just giving you guys the 30,000 foot view of the bigger thing you need to focus on as you’re going down that path of getting that first short-term rental. So what are the things you should think about as you’re choosing cities and analyzing deals? What are the things you should be considering when you are talking about systems and processes? How do you make your property stand out and how do you make that decision before you buy as opposed to trying to squeeze it in after the fact, right? So those are the big things you guys want to focus on. So

Sara:
Definitely the software. I think not using the tools, there’s so many incredible software out there specifically designed to help you be successful and run smoother as an operator. And it still blows my mind that people aren’t using these tools. You 1000% need a property management software. This software helps you sync all of your calendars from different listings. So instead of going on different apps yourself and managing, oh, did Airbnb get booked that day? Let me block it on vrbo and vice versa. These systems exist out there and I feel like there are still so many people we meet that are like, oh yeah, I just do it back in the 18 hundreds and write it down in my notebook. Like, what the heck? I do want to add one thing. I feel like there is so many different, we just named so many things right now that you have to think about for this space, and it can be overwhelming, like decision fatigue, analysis, paralysis because you’re like, oh my God, the market, the design, there’s so many different areas you need to consider, but just know you are going to make mistakes. We have made thousands of mistakes and each time we’ve gotten better and not made the same mistake with each property, but I truly feel like we are better operators because we’ve learned from all these mistakes. So don’t wait until you’ve made every perfect, you feel like it’s a perfect time, perfect decision. You have the perfect amount of money, you are going to still make mistakes, and I promise you it’ll make you better for the next property. So don’t be afraid of the mistakes you’re going to make.

Tony:
Well, great way to end the episode, babe. Thank you for joining us today.

Sara:
Thank you so much for having me, guys.

Tony:
Yeah, it feels like on the Real Estate Robinson YouTube channel. No, so cute. We haven’t done a solo episode with just the two of us before bp. So thank you BP

Sara:
For letting us decent.

Tony:
Hopefully the listeners have got some dive from this as well. So guys, if you enjoy the Real Estate Rookie podcast, I have just one small ask. Please do, subscribe or follow on whatever podcast platform it is you’re listening to. Or if you’re on YouTube, make sure to subscribe there. And if you’re not yet a part of the BiggerPockets forums, guys, make sure you go check that out. There is so much great information for Ricky Investors just like you on the BiggerPockets forums to go check it out. But that is it for today, guys. My name’s Tony Robinson and I will see you guys on the next episode of Real Estate Rookie.

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In This Episode We Cover:

  • Three steps to build and scale a successful Airbnb business
  • The most crucial data points to consider when analyzing rental markets
  • When to buy the “cheaper” property and budget for design and amenities instead
  • Affordable furnishing and design hacks that will elevate your property
  • The best tips, tools, and tech for streamlining short-term rental management
  • Investing in an out-of-state market (and why it’s easier than you think!)
  • And So Much More!

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

How to Invest in Real Estate with $50K in 2024

Want to know how to invest $50K in real estate? We’re going to show you exactly how to do it, EVEN in 2024. You can use any of the four strategies we share to start investing in real estate with $50K or less, and you don’t need previous real estate investing experience to try them out. Some of these strategies are best for those who already own a home or are willing to invest out-of-state. But even if you want to stay in your area while investing in real estate, we have an option for you!

Okay, so you’ve got $50K (or less) that you’ve saved up for your first real estate deal. Do you immediately start investing? NO. There are a few quick things that you need to do first (don’t worry, they’re free) before you can make your first real estate investment. Following these steps will help you make MUCH better choices on your next investment property and will let you sleep at night if/when things go wrong.

After that, you can choose any of the four beginner strategies to start investing in real estate (we’re not just talking house hacking!). We even share an expert tip about some of the best markets to get into as a beginner with solid demand and lower home prices, allowing you to invest if you’re getting priced out (or have too much competition) in the bigger cities!

Click here to listen on Apple Podcasts.

Listen to the Podcast Here

Read the Transcript Here

Dave:
Hey everyone, it’s Dave and today on the BiggerPockets Real Estate podcast, we’re bringing back one of your favorite all time formats. One we’ve tried before but is always popular, always on the top of people’s mind. We’re asking the question, how should you invest your first $50,000 into real estate right now? And if you’ve listened to the show or watched our YouTube, we’ve asked similar questions on the show before. So we’ve asked questions like, how would you invest $10,000 or a hundred thousand dollars? And it really changes the way of thinking about it depending on how much money you have. Obviously, if you have 10 grand to invest, there are certain strategies available to you, but as you have more and more money to invest, more strategies, more options become available to you. But I think regardless of whether you have 50 grand saved up or not, and trust me, I know saving up $50,000 takes a long time.

Dave:
It took me a long time into my career. Before I can invest that into a single deal, I think it’s going to help you understand what types of strategies work at different price points. So even though the headline here is 50 grand, my guest and I today are going to be talking about what’s available at 10,000, what’s available at a hundred thousand, and the different ways to think about resource allocation in today’s day and age. And as I alluded to, I’m bringing on a guest for this conversation. It is frequent guest on this show and the host of the BiggerPockets Rookie show Ashley Kehr. She’s an excellent investor, always very helpful when putting ourselves into the mindset of a new investor who’s thinking about making their first investment into real estate. So first and foremost, Ashley and I are going to talk about 50 grand.

Dave:
Is it enough to start investing in real estate in the first place? Then we’re going to talk about what strategies and markets make sense for that amount of cash. And just quick spoiler alert, house hacking is not the main subject of this episode. I know we talk about that as a great beginner strategy because it is, but we’re actually talking about totally different approaches to investing 50 grand for newbies today. So I think you’re going to learn a lot from that, and we’ll also give you a couple of options that can really sort of multiply the impact of your $50,000 to help it go even further than maybe you think is possible right now. Before we get into this, I just want to stress again, I hope you all have 50 grand burning a hole in your bank account in your pockets right now, but I then start that way. I know Ashley didn’t start that way when she was first investing, but again, I really think that the way that Ashley and I have framed this conversation and some of the things that we’re going to be talking about are applicable to any investor, whether you’re just starting to save money for your first investment or you’re working on your second, third, or 10th deal. So off of all my introductions, let’s bring on Ashley Kehr.

Dave:
Ashley, welcome back to the BiggerPockets Real Estate Podcast. How are you?

Ashley:
Good. Thanks for having me back again.

Dave:
Yeah, I’m excited to have you. We were designing this show, which again, we’re going to be talking how we would theoretically invest $50,000, and although 50 grand is not a rookie amount of money, it’s a lot of money, but it is a question we get from a lot of rookies. So I figured you were the perfect person to come on to talk about this with.

Ashley:
Well, I definitely have some ideas of what to do with that $50,000.

Dave:
Yeah, well, I mean, I’m just curious, your own story. Did you have 50 grand to invest when you first started?

Ashley:
No. So I had to take on a partner because I had no money. I probably had maybe $5,000 in a savings account, but yeah, nothing close to 50,000.

Dave:
Same. Yeah, I use partnerships as well, so we’ll probably get into that conversation as well. But just wanted to normalize this for everyone. We picked 50 K because it’s a nice round number, but totally recognize that people may not have $50,000 saved up. It’s a ton. But the ideas, and I’m guessing the ideas and some of the concepts that Ashley and I are going to talk about, we’ll help you regardless if you have $10,000 saved up, $20,000, $30,000, it’s not really about the specific amount, it’s more about maybe the mindset of how to use your first chunk of cash to get into real estate. Now, if you do a 50 grand though, do you think that’s enough to get started?

Ashley:
100%. Because Dave, if you and I were able to start without $50,000 and so on, with $50,000 can start.

Dave:
Yeah, absolutely. I think that’s plenty, and you should have a lot of options too. I think if you have five or 10 grand, your options are limited to partnerships, and maybe you could do a house hack in certain scenarios, but if you can get up to that 50 grand mark, you’re going to have a lot of

Ashley:
Options. And sometimes that makes it more difficult because now you have these options and you get caught up in what’s the best option going to be. And sometimes it’s okay if you don’t pick the best option. If you end up being wrong and it still works out okay, that’s okay. You started investing and you’re still making some money compared to not making any money at all, just letting it fit in your savings account or under your mattress, wherever you’re stashing that 50,000.

Dave:
That’s such a good point. Well, first of all, when I started, this is a true story. I didn’t really have a bank account. I worked at a restaurant and they paid us in cash every night and all my money was in my bedside stand. That was my money back then. But no, I think that that’s also a good point because when I first got started, I had so few options. It was basically like, do you want to work for sweat equity in this deal? And I was like, sure, yeah, that sounds great. But I think when you have a little bit of money, not only does it give you more options, but you also have something more to lose, right? Because you have 50 grand, and for most people, that takes a lot of time and effort to save up that money and you don’t want to use it or invest it irresponsibly. Whereas when I was just investing my time, I was like, yeah, if you wasted a little bit of time, it’s not as painful. Alright, so let’s get into some of the strategies and tactics that you would use. So when I sent you this prompt a week or so ago and said, Hey, you want to talk about this, what were some of the variables and things you were thinking about how to answer this question?

Ashley:
Well, when I first thought of it, I was like, okay, what would I do right now if someone just handed me 50,000 and it was like, okay, here’s 50,000 extra a little bonus for you, what would I do with it? Then I had to shift my mindset as to, okay, if I was starting fresh, this was my first investment, I was scared, I was nervous. How am I going to invest this but also have less risk? And actually when I compared the two, it kind of came up similar answers in a way as to what I would do and what I would suggest a rookie do first if they can.

Dave:
All right, so you’re one of the rare educators who actually is going to do what they advise other people to do instead of just telling people to do one thing and then doing something else themselves.

Ashley:
Once you send me the check for 50,000 Dave, I am going to do exactly what I’m going to tell everyone to do.

Dave:
Don’t be waiting by the door. You might be waiting a while,

Ashley:
But you know what? This is true. I’m flipping a house right now and it’s under contract and when it closes, I am taking that chunk of money and I’m going to do what I’m going to say that we should do first though, before I say that, I think we should kind of set a little background as to what you should actually do and think about before you decide where to put it.

Dave:
Yeah, let’s do that, please.

Ashley:
Okay. So the first thing is you got to figure out what your goal is, what your why is. Okay, because you could put the $50,000 somewhere and invest it, but you wanted cashflow and you’re not getting cashflow, or maybe this is your retirement and you’re just banking off. You want appreciation and mortgage pay down in 20 years so you can retire, sell that house, take that lump sum and that’s your retirement. So you need to establish what your why is. Okay. So Dave, when you first started investing, what was your why? What were you looking to get out of investing?

Dave:
For me, when I first started, I honestly just wanted cash that day. I was in a situation where I was struggling to pay my bills and I wanted somewhere between two and $400 a month was a really life-changing, lifestyle changing type of money for me at that point. That was my immediate goal, I think.

Ashley:
So I think that that would define how you’re going to invest your money is because even if you could see like, okay, I’m going to put my money into this property and then in five years I can sell it and make this, but I’m going to break even on it throughout those five years, it wasn’t worth it at the time for you to wait that five

Dave:
Years for

Ashley:
That goal to hit that money that you’re going to get from selling the flip. So that’s very important to figure out why you’re investing in what you need now. And mine was very similar, needing cashflow too

Dave:
And totally different. If someone has a ton of time and they have skills to flip a house, your goal could be totally different. And obviously that’s not what I did when I started because that wouldn’t have worked for me. So I think this is a great point to start sort of with the end in mind

Ashley:
Here, and you kind of named the second thing. So you’re looking at why you’re investing. The next thing is what are your opportunities or advantages? Maybe work in construction and you can actually do the rehab yourself. Then maybe not looking at turnkey properties is the best thing for you. Maybe you should be investing that money into doing a fix and flip or rehabbing a property for Burr and kind of strategizing that way as to what your advantage is in that market too.

Dave:
Well, you were a property manager, right?

Ashley:
Yeah.

Dave:
So was that your advantage?

Ashley:
Yeah, I knew the market. I bought a house within two miles of the property I was managing. That definitely was a huge advantage knowing the market and also how to manage a property.

Dave:
Wow, that is a good advantage. Looking back on it, I mean,

Ashley:
You

Dave:
Must have known a lot and avoided some of the painful mistakes of just starting to be a landlord when you don’t know how to manage properties.

Ashley:
Oh, there are still mistakes.

Dave:
And then I mean, I’ll throw in another criteria here. I think risk tolerance and risk capacity or things that people really need to be thinking about. People often confuse those two, but I’ll just explain how I see them at least. So risk tolerance is how comfortable you are with the idea of losing money. And so you talk about gambling and stuff, it’s like if you’re willing to take on a risky investment or place a risky bet in order to make a large amount of money, that opens up a lot of strategies for you. Or I think a lot of people are somewhere in the middle or some people are extremely risk averse and they don’t want their number one priority in investing is what they call capital preservation. So you want to just make sure you don’t lose money or maybe that you have some modest appreciation.

Dave:
So I think it’s really important as an investor to be able to sleep at night. And so you don’t want to take on risk that you are not comfortable with. And then there’s something that’s sort of the sister cousin of risk tolerance called risk capacity, which is are you in a position to take risk? Because some people just as a scenario say that you’re a new parent and you are making decent money and you’re able to pay your bills and you actually sleep fine with risk, but you might not be in a position to take on a lot of risk because you need to be using that money to raise your family, for example. Or maybe you have dependents, parents, cousins, sisters, brothers, whatever, who rely on you for money. Maybe you could be the most risk tolerant person in the world, but you don’t actually have the capacity to take on that risk. And so I think those are two things that people should really been thinking about when they talk about how to allocate capitals. Like am I comfortable with it and would a financial advisor tell me that I have some rube here because that will also dictate a lot of how you spend that 50 k.

Dave:
It’s time for a break, but afterwards I’m going to ask Ashley what specific strategy she would use with $50,000 to invest in right now in 2024. Welcome back to this week’s deep dish. Let’s jump back in with Ashley Care, with no further caveats and delays. Ashley, what would you recommend?

Ashley:
So my first recommendation would be to add value to a property you already currently own. So this may be your primary residence. So my suggestion would be to take that money into either turn a garage into a unit, your basement into an apartment or short-term rental. These could be, or even midterm rental. You have some little extra land build, a little cabin rented out as a short-term rental. We recently had a guest on the real estate rookie podcast that bought an RV and parked it in his driveway and rented out the RV as a short-term rental.

Dave:
Oh wow.

Ashley:
Yeah, so I would look at if you have the opportunity to actually take that money and invest it into a property that you already own, especially if it’s your primary residence, because you’re going to be adding value to that property, it’s going to appreciate over time and when you sell that property, if you lived there two out of the last five years, that’s tax free income that you can get

Dave:
Tax free baby.

Ashley:
And then also with having it as a rental, it can offset your cost of living for paying your mortgage and things like that. So that would be the first thing that I would do as to use that money to invest into the current property you already have because you’re not going to pay attorney fees, title fees or whatever and not have to do all the work that goes into purchasing a brand new property. Plus you’re going to have less overhead because you’re still mowing the same grass. You’re not going to have another property or you’re going to have to mow the grass at. So that would be my biggest thing. And parents actually built a in-law suite on their house, and I just texted my mom before this episode and asked her how much did it cost, and she said a little over 50,000,

Dave:
And

Ashley:
This was with putting a basement in, so the full foundation, this was having a living room, a bedroom, and then a bathroom and a little kitchen added on to their house. So you could definitely just do a little studio apartment and rent that out for less than 50,000.

Dave:
This is so smart. I love this. There’s so many good reasons, but I hadn’t really thought of it, and I’ll explain the numbers to one of my ideas, but if you’re buying a new property of 50 K, at least 10% of that is going to closing costs,

Ashley:
Like

Dave:
Appraisal, title of inspection, 5K maybe. I mean you can maybe get it a little less than that, but roughly it’s probably going to be five grand. And so that’s not an investment. Those are just transaction costs you’re basically throwing out

Ashley:
Plus the time of acquiring that

Dave:
Deal. That’s so true.

Ashley:
I mean, you will have time into managing the construction of your property too that will go into there, but the acquisition of the deal plus learning the new property as to like, okay, where’s the water meter and plus the repairs and maintenance of this unknown property that you’re getting. Even if you have an inspection, it still takes time to learn the ins and outs of what works, what doesn’t work within a property where this is going to be brand new built into your property too, so your capital expenses, your repairs and maintenance should be way lower than going in and buying another property that isn’t brand new.

Dave:
Wow, this is a great idea and the tax benefits are so good. That’s so true. Just so you all know, if you invest in any property that’s not your primary residence and you add value, whether it’s a burr or a flip, you can make tons of money. But when you go and sell those properties, it is one of the less tax advantaged elements of real estate. So for example, if you flip a house and you drive up the value and say you have a $50,000 profit, you’re going to pay depending on how long you own it, but you’re probably going to pay ordinary income, so your full tax rate on that income, whereas if you do the same exact project on your primary residence, as Ashley said, as long as you’ve lived there for two out of the last five years, that’s tax free money that you can go and you don’t even need a 10 31.

Dave:
You could take it and do whatever you want with that money. So that is an incredibly good option for people. And I also like this even more because this is sort of going with the trends. I feel like it’s sort of taking what the market’s giving you, because a lot of municipalities right now because of the housing shortage in the US are making this type of work a lot easier. It is becoming easier almost across the whole country to build adu, whether attached or detached ADUs, they’re expanding permits, expanding density, and municipalities want you to do this, whereas 10 years ago you would get fought, I think in a lot of cities, if you are saying like, I’m going to turn my basement into another unit, not anymore. People are looking for creative ways to add units, and so this is sort of going with the times and doing something that is being encouraged in most communities.

Ashley:
And I mean, you’d have to look at the regulations in your area, but I like the flexibility too, where you could have a long-term tenant or you could have a short-term rental and then you could block off the days. Have friends and family come and stay when they’re visiting, stay in the unit, and then open the listings back up when they leave. So I like that flexibility of it too, that you can actually have a little bit of use out of that property too.

Dave:
Totally. This is a great way to do it, and I love that you even got us a quote from your parents, how much it cost. I was literally

Ashley:
In the middle of a conversation with my mom and I just said, oh, by the way, what’s this?

Dave:
We should have gotten your mom on the show. That would’ve been great. Just out of curiosity, is their intention to rent it out for some extra

Ashley:
Income? No, it was for my grandma.

Dave:
Oh, okay. Got

Ashley:
It.

Dave:
Yeah, makes sense. But then even if you do that for practical purposes, it does increase the value of the house eventually when they go to sell it.

Ashley:
Yep.

Dave:
All right. Well, I have some options for you. I came up with just two different scenarios that are really available to people who might not own their primary residence. I think Ashley’s idea is great, but obviously you have to own something to be able to do that. So I wanted to just first talk about whether it’s feasible to just straight up buy a rental property with 50 grand and I ran some numbers and here’s how it came out. If you had $50,000, like I said, I’m going to estimate five grand will go to closing costs, and then I think you need to have $5,000 in cash reserves. Is that about what you would allocate Ashley?

Ashley:
Well, I would do six months reserves as a rookie, six months reserves for your mortgage, your insurance, and your property taxes.

Dave:
Yes,

Ashley:
For those three expenses. So whatever that amount ends up being for six months, that would be, but probably around 5,000.

Dave:
Yeah, that’s a better answer. Yeah, so five, six. So I just took 10 K off the top, which is always difficult. I think when people have saved up an amount of money and they’re like, I’m going to go buy real estate with 50 K. Unfortunately, there are these other things that you have to do. So that would give me $40,000. Now I was assuming you weren’t house hacking, and that means that you’re going to put probably 25% down because if you’re an investor and you’re not living in the property, usually that’s what banks require is a 25% down payment, which leaves you with $160,000 as your purchase price. So that is still absolutely possible, but the list of places that you’re going to be able to buy a solid property goes down a lot, but this is a good option for people if you’re willing to be a long distance investor and you’re looking to one of, let’s say there’s probably a couple dozen markets in the country where this is possible.

Dave:
Actually a couple in your neck of the woods, Ashley Syracuse for example, super popular place to invest now there’s a micron factory going in there. I looked around and I found a property in Syracuse that looked pretty nice. I was pretty impressed by it. Three bed, two bath, 1500 square feet probably needs a little bit of work, but that was 1 35 for example, with a projected rent of 1500. So it meets the 1% rule. I think there’s other places to do it like in Huntsville, Alabama, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma City. So if you have 50 grand, you absolutely can just straight up buy a rental property and that’s probably a pretty good idea. What do you make of that approach,

Ashley:
Ashley? Yeah, one a hundred percent. I think one little twist I would do on that is actually go to do a flip first, but purchase a property that could be converted into a rental if the flip doesn’t sell. So you’re going to buy this property knowing that you could either flip it or you could rent it out. So if the market changes, your flip doesn’t sell, you have that security knowing that you can cashflow off of turning that property into a rental. So that also means that you have the ability to get financing. So maybe you’re getting hard money or you’re actually doing a conventional loan to buy that flip, but you’re going to have to bake into your numbers that you’re paying closing costs, and if you do go and refinance, that’s closing costs twice. But if that’s the only way to get the deal done and you will make money off of it, when you run your numbers you refinance, then it’s still a good deal. Just like people get caught up, I’m not paying a hard money lender, 12% a bank would give me 7%. Well, if you can only get the 12% and you still make money, that’s more money than not making any money at all. Yes,

Dave:
Exactly.

Ashley:
So that’s what I would do is I would take that money and I would talk to hard money lenders. We just had a guest on the show that he was first time went and got a hard money lender. No problem. They funded part of his purchase price and I think it was all of his rehab.

Dave:
Oh, nice.

Ashley:
So there’s definitely lenders out there who are looking for a private money lender, and then I would purchase a flip and then I would have a safety plan in place to refinance that property and turn it into a rental if the flip did not sell. But if the flip sells, then that gives you your $50,000 back plus hopefully a little more capital from the profit, and you keep building that to dump into buying rentals then.

Dave:
Okay, so I think this is a good plan, but what price point do you look at with a flip? So if you had 50 grand, are you then looking for a property that’s like 80 or something and then you’re going to put 20 grand into it, something like that?

Ashley:
No, because you can get a hard money lender to lend you, let’s say conservatively you’re putting 30% down of the purchase price. You’re getting the rehab covered private money lender too, which you have to work your magic to find private money lenders. That’s not as easy, but I would look into doing a light cosmetic flip unless you have rehab experience, not going in and doing a full gut rehab, but doing a light cosmetic flip, you’re going to have to work hard to find that deal buying that property under market value already. So you’ll have to door knock, you’ll have to cold call, you’ll have to get populous things from agents and network that way, but I just did one, and it’s definitely possible to find those deals to actually make a flip happen.

Dave:
We have to pause for one final break, but we’ll soon be back for more with Ashley. Okay, we’re back. Here’s the rest of my conversation with Ashley Care. So so far we have improving your own property. We have buying a rental property or doing a flip at a similar price point to the rental property, which is in the low mid 100 to $150,000 range properties all possible. But my actual recommendation was not this. I think that that’s a good option for people, but I would imagine there’s only a handful of markets where this price point is possible, but my number one recommendation for how I would spend 50 grand, again, not house hacking, get to that. Again, it sounds like what you and I did, I would just try and partner with someone. I would try and find a 50 50 partnership where you would have a combined hundred grand to invest.

Dave:
To me, that opens up a lot more markets. First of all, A just gets you in a different class of property that I think is a little bit more stable. There are some markets that have nice single family homes for 160,000, but when you think about the reality of it, even if you’re getting a good cash on cash return, you’re making maybe a hundred, 200 bucks a month, it’s not really going to make this huge difference for most people. If you have a hundred grand, even with a partner, I think that gives you, let’s say once you take off the reserves and the closing costs and all that 90 grand to invest, that means you could buy a property worth 360. That’s a totally different ball game to me. I could tell you dozens of markets where you can probably buy a cash flowing duplex right off the MLS for $360,000 or less. I’ve actually done this twice this year. I’ve bought cashflowing duplexes for less than $360,000. So I think that’s a really good option is just trying to find someone who you could 50 50 partner with and then just buy a regular old duplex. That’s probably the most boring advice ever, but I do it. I think it works. Do you think there’s a reason why people avoid partnerships in those types of scenarios?

Ashley:
I just think maybe they had a bad experience or they’ve watched someone else have a bad experience, but I think it’s great having a partner. For me, it gave me a sense of security because I knew if things are going bad, I had someone to work it out with and I actually liked that and I thrived off of that. I did better knowing that I had somebody by my side to do this deal with me. So I thought that was a great advantage actually having a partner in the beginning.

Dave:
And it also works for any amount of money. It doesn’t need to be 50 grand. If you have 40 grand, you can partner 25 grand, you can partner, and I know it doesn’t means you’re going to have to navigate some interpersonal things. That’s honestly a very valuable skill to learn as a real estate investor because you’re going to partner all the time. I think a lot of newbies are like, I just want to own everything. And where in reality most investors partner all the time. I don’t know. I’m in a lot of partnerships even though I could theoretically just buy houses myself. I think that’s just how the business goes and it teaches you a lot and it just gives you access to better quality assets and

Ashley:
Operators too. People who already have experience like

Dave:
The knowledge of someone else. So I think that’s a great thing that people often overlook.

Ashley:
And you can also go to biggerpockets.com/partnerships to read the book Real estate partnerships that Tony and I wrote because there are some things that you should include in your partnership, and this book kind of helps you navigate that as to how to set the partnership up, how to not have as much risk when taking on a partner and things like that. So it could be beneficial.

Dave:
What do you look for primarily in a partnership? Can you give us a quick rundown? If you are in this scenario where you had 50 K, you’re looking for someone else to help you, maybe let’s just say create something close to a 50 50 partnership, what are some of the things you would recommend the audience prioritize

Ashley:
First, what are your strengths? So what are you really good at because you don’t need someone else that’s good at the same thing,

Dave:
Nothing.

Ashley:
So then what are your weaknesses? Everything. So what do you need somebody for? So are you looking to get into flipping but you have no idea how to flip? Then maybe that’s where you’re looking for somebody that has experience and not somebody else who is brand new just like you and doesn’t have a clue how to do it either. So strengths and weaknesses, but also I think really one of the biggest is dating the person and getting to know them. So whether that’s building some kind of relationship before you actually get into the deal, and that’s what I did. I knew all of my partners before we actually got into a deal, and then we also did one deal at a time. So it wasn’t like, Hey Evan, let’s buy real estate from today until we die. Every deal that we buy is the two of us. We’re partners forever

Dave:
Till death do us part.

Ashley:
So even now, if I get a deal, I look at, okay, what do I need? What am I missing to get this deal done? And then I’ll look at my partners that I use and I’ll say, okay, you know what? Evan would be a good partner for this deal. I’m going to approach Evan. These are my terms of how the deal would work. If he’s interested, we go forward. If not, then I go and I ask somebody else. But I think really not locking yourself in and creating a company and building your brand and your logos, just do one deal. And then Tony does a great job of this is in his joint venture agreements. When he partners with someone, he puts a five year exit plan in place.

Dave:
Oh, that’s a good idea.

Ashley:
So your partners for five years, and in year five, if one person wants to sell, then you sell the property. And of course if you want to keep it, you can buy the other person out if you can do that at the time. But that way it kind of puts an end so it doesn’t go on forever and you don’t have to sell at least that has that timeline. Then if you want to keep it, they set another benchmark for, okay, we’re going to evaluate this again and X amount of years. So gives you an out if you want to be

Dave:
Out. I love that. When I started with my partnership, I did, I’d say 99 out of a hundred things very poorly. But the one thing I did well was actually outline what would happen if we wanted to break the partnership because it was with some friends and family and it was four of us, and I just valued those relationships more than I valued the real estate. I wanted to make sure that there was an amicable way to split up and it happened, but two of the partners wanted out. The other two, we bought them out

Ashley:
And

Dave:
It worked out great,

Ashley:
But

Dave:
It was only because we said what we were going to do well ahead of time,

Ashley:
And

Dave:
They were ready to say, Hey, we want to get bought out. They already knew the terms of that and they were like, we’re going to do this thing. We all did. It worked out. Everyone was very happy with it. But I think it underscores the idea that this is not a marriage, it’s not a commitment for life. These are things that are business relationships, and if you can handle them professionally, there’s no reason you shouldn’t be using partnerships in real estate. Well, I think we’ve actually set a BiggerPockets record here, Ashley. We’re having a conversation about how to invest a certain amount of money, and we haven’t talked about house hacking in over 30 minutes. This is the longest anyone has ever,

Ashley:
Especially with a starting out episode or what to do. Exactly. Yeah, basically.

Dave:
But I think we have, I mean, it is a really good way to spend

Ashley:
50

Dave:
Grand.

Ashley:
So

Dave:
We have to, well, so I’ll just intro it. I think house hacking, to be honest, if I were earlier in my career and lived in a good market with 50 grand, I would probably put 10% down on a duplex that’s under 400 grand because if you put 10% down, even with the reserves, even with the closing costs, that means you can afford something up to $400,000, not San Francisco or Denver or Austin, but in a lot of markets in the south, in the Midwest, in the Northeast, you can find a good high quality property in a good market for under 400 grand. Live in it, learn the business, lower your living expenses. It’s just an easy way to do it. So I think for the people who are willing to be a landlord and live on site and do the house hacking thing, it is just such a good plan

Ashley:
And just the domino effect of you only have to live there a year.

Ashley:
If you live there two years, then you get the tax free income if you sell it within the next five years, which is amazing. But you can also, after the first year or the second year of when you move out and turn it into a rental, your 30 year fixed rate mortgage stays on that property, that’s not changing. Then you go and you move in to the next property, and then you move into the next property. And I’ve even seen investors that have taken the extra step of, they get their first primary, their house hacking it, and then they completely move out. They rent out the other unit, but before they move out and buy their next property, they’re getting a home equity line of credit on that first house, still their primary. Then they go and they buy another property.

Dave:
Ooh, that’s a good advanced move.

Ashley:
So now they have the line of credit from that house. They just bought their next primary, and then they just keep doing the domino effect, and then you have that line of credit from the rental to actually go and use for rehabs or things like that too.

Dave:
Awesome. Great. Well,

Dave:
I’m glad we talked about house hack and we have to just throw it in there. It is a good option. But before we got to that, we had a couple really great ways to invest $50,000. You can add a new unit or add some income generating piece to an existing property. As Ashley had said, you can go out and buy a long-term rental for around 150 grand, and I know that’s only available in a couple markets, but is it a perfectly viable option for people who want to do long distance investing? You could flip a cheap house like Ashley suggested, you could partner with someone to buy a duplex or you can house hack. These are all ways that you can start investing in real estate for $50,000 or really even less thousand dollars or around there. So I know that that and out a number that’s somewhat arbitrary, but hopefully, especially the conversation Ashley and I at the beginning talking about the variables and things that you need to be thinking about will help you figure out if you’ve saved up some money, how you should be investing it in today’s market. Ashley, any other last thoughts on this before we get out of here?

Ashley:
The last thing I’d say is if you are having trouble finding a major city or market that is within your budget or price point, look out into little rural towns. Go outside of those major metropolitan areas and start looking in the more rural areas. That’s where I started investing and even places that have had really no significant appreciation or anything that, first of all, you have no competition, really way less competition of investors there, and just over time they will have, you’ll have mortgage paid on them, you’ll have a little bit of appreciation, but you can also find good cashflow in those areas too. And sometimes there’s not a lot of apartments available, so you don’t really have to worry about vacancy because there’s so much demand. And my favorite favorite in those small rural towns are senior citizens who have sold their house. They have a nice pension they’re living off of and they don’t want to leave their small little town and they want to rent one of my cute little houses to live in, and they always pay their rent and they always take care of everything.

Dave:
Well, that sounds so nice. I agree. I admit I had aversion to rural or smaller town investing when I first got started, but there are so many good ways to make money off of it, and there’s a lot of benefits to it. Actually. Just like a couple of weeks ago on September 16th, we released an episode on this podcast, it’s called Why Your Small Town is probably the Best Base to Buy Rentals just with a guest called, named Josh Bley. If you haven’t listened to that, he does a great job explaining a lot of what Ashley was just talking about, some of the unknown benefits about small towns where people really have a lot of pride in the community, word of mouth, where if you are known as a good landlord, for example, that people talk about it and people want to live in your properties, it’s very easy to establish a good reputation in your community. There’s less competition, so there’s all sorts of great things to do there. All right. Well, if you don’t know where to find Ashley, you should, because she is the host of the BiggerPockets Rookie Channel, also very active on Instagram and BiggerPockets, so we’ll make sure to link to all of that in the show notes below. Ashley, thanks so much for coming on and talking about this with me.

Ashley:
Yes, thanks so much for having me, and I can’t wait to see you guys again.

Dave:
Thank you guys so much for listening for BiggerPockets. I’m Dave Meyer and we’ll see you for another episode in just a few days.

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In This Episode We Cover:

  • How (and where) to invest $50K in the 2024 housing market
  • What you MUST do before you make your first real estate investment 
  • A tax-free way for homeowners to build wealth with properties they already own
  • The solid rental markets that have cheap home prices
  • Why you DON’T have to do it alone, and how to increase your investing budget 
  • The one tried-and-true best beginner investment almost every expert agrees on
  • And So Much More!

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

The Pros and Cons of Self-Managing Your Rental Property (From Two Experienced Investors)

Does this scenario sound familiar?

“I distinctly remember a conversation I had with my boyfriend shortly after submitting an offer on my very first rental property. We were sitting at his son’s Little League baseball game, and my mind was wandering (if you’ve ever watched a Little League baseball game, you understand). I turned to my boyfriend and said, ‘What happens if they actually accept my offer on that property?’ 

The truth of the matter was, I was a 28-year-old with not even an ounce of rental property or landlording experience. All I knew was that I was over working a 9-to-5 W-2 job and thought that real estate investing could be my path out. Ever the black-and-white, straight-to-the-point kind of guy, my boyfriend responded with, ‘You’ll figure it out.’ Little did I know how true that statement would turn out to be.”

That’s Amelia McGee, co-author of The Self-Managing Landlord with Grace Gudenkauf, explaining her anxiety and fear as a soon-to-be DIY landlord.

To Self-Manage or Not To Self-Manage—That is the Question

Like many first-time real estate investors, Amelia found herself diving into the world of property management with little experience and plenty of uncertainty. Self-managing a rental property can be daunting, but it also offers significant benefits—greater control, potential cost savings, and hands-on learning. However, it comes with its own set of challenges, from tenant management to handling maintenance issues. 

Based on real-life experience and insights from Amelia and Grace, we’ll explore the advantages and challenges of being a self-managing landlord.

The Benefits of Self-Managing Your Rental Property

Self-managing your rental property offers unique advantages that can significantly enhance your investment experience and increase your profits. Here are four key benefits of self-managing that can positively impact your bottom line.

1. Cost savings

One of the most significant advantages of managing your rental property yourself is the potential to save a considerable amount of money. Property management companies typically charge 8% to 12% of the monthly rent for their services, along with additional fees for tenant placement, maintenance, and lease renewals. By self-managing, you can avoid these fees and keep more rental income for yourself, thereby increasing the profitability of your investment.

Let’s look at an example from The Self-Managing Landlord that shows how much you may need to pay a property manager. In this scenario, we assume a property is rented for $1,700 a month and was purchased for $170,000—following the 1% rule.

Service Cost
Account setup fee $300, one time
Management fee $170 per month (10% of monthly rent)
New tenant placement fee $850, one time (50% of monthly rent)
Maintenance fee $100 per request (assume three per year)
Annual total $3,490 ($290 per month)

Looking at the breakdown here, you can see that after setup, management, placement, and maintenance fees, you can expect to pay about $3,500 yearly in property management fees. That’s more than two months’ rent!

Granted, that cost will reduce in the second year, assuming the tenant renews their lease. However, these charges will still eat into your cash flow potential.

2. Quality control

When you self-manage, you have direct control over the maintenance, tenant selection, and overall condition of your property. This is especially important for ensuring your investment is well-maintained and your tenants are satisfied. Property management companies often manage multiple properties, so your rental might not get the attention it deserves. 

The Self-Managing Landlord explains why some mom-and-pop landlords may be dissatisfied with the quality of service they receive from property management companies:

The most common recurring issue I hear from investors who are using a property management company is that they don’t feel like their property is getting enough attention, or that the property management company doesn’t really care about them after their contract is signed. 

Let’s think about this from a macro view of the property management industry. Most property management companies are only making $100 to $200 of recurring revenue per month on every property they manage. These are thin margins in the grand scheme of things. In order to run a profitable business, pay their employees, and cover other business expenses, these property management companies need to onboard hundreds of clients, which in turn spreads their efforts out too thin. 

This issue is further exacerbated if you only have a few properties with the management company. Their main priority is going to be their bigger clients, so the smaller you are, the further down the ‘call back’ list you’re going to be.

3. Better tenant relationships

This level of control allows you to build relationships with your tenants, leading to longer retention and reduced costly turnover. Direct communication fosters trust and respect. Tenants appreciate landlords who respond quickly to maintenance requests and are approachable when issues arise.

Also, by being more involved in the tenant screening process, you can ensure that you select responsible tenants who are likely to stay long-term and take care of the property.

4. Build valuable skills

Managing a property on your own teaches you a wide range of valuable skills, from handling maintenance and repairs to negotiating leases and managing finances. These skills can be beneficial, not only for your rental properties, but also for future business ventures. 

In fact, in the book, Amelia shares an experience about how she partnered with other investors to purchase a $500,000 property. They brought the cash for the down payment, and she brought her skills as a successful DIY landlord. It was a win-win for everyone.

The Challenges of Self-Managing Your Rental Property

Self-managing rental properties can be rewarding, but doing so also comes with several challenges that every landlord should consider. The Self-Managing Landlord mentions these five key areas where self-managing can present difficulties.

1. Managing tenants

Handling tenant relations is one of the most critical aspects of being a self-managing landlord. Even if you try to build tenant relationships, mismanagement can lead to disputes, vacancies, or even legal issues. 

Educating yourself on landlord-tenant laws and best practices is essential to avoid problems. Proper tenant screening, addressing tenant concerns, and ensuring rent is paid on time are crucial. Although most tenants are reasonable, there will always be a few who challenge your patience, requiring tact and professionalism to manage effectively.

2. Managing contractors

Property maintenance is another vital responsibility, and it requires finding, hiring, and coordinating contractors for repairs and upkeep. Poor contractor management can lead to cost overruns, substandard work, and decreased property value. 

Knowing how to negotiate contracts and oversee projects is crucial to maintaining tenant satisfaction and your property’s overall quality.

3. Handling emergencies

Emergencies, such as plumbing leaks or electrical issues, can happen anytime. As a self-managing landlord, you may not always be available to respond immediately, which can lead to property damage or unhappy tenants. 

A reliable emergency response plan is essential to ensure that urgent situations are dealt with swiftly and effectively.

4. Problem-solving

Managing a rental property can be emotionally taxing, especially when tenant relations or property issues arise. Letting personal feelings cloud your judgment can negatively impact your decision-making process. 

According to The Self-Managing Landlord:

“One of the most important skills you need to have as a self-managing landlord is the ability to problem-solve. Landlording may not be the right fit for someone who quits when the going gets tough or does not react well to stress or pressure…You need to decide whether it’s really worth it for you to continue landlording or if hiring it out is the better option.” 

Successful self-managing landlords must maintain professionalism, set clear boundaries, and remain objective when interacting with tenants and property concerns. Creating systems and processes to minimize emotionally driven decisions can help ensure consistency in your management approach.

5. Legal risks

Self-managing landlords must be well-versed in local, state, and federal landlord-tenant laws. Failure to comply with legal requirements can result in costly disputes, fines, or evictions. Staying up-to-date on legal developments and seeking legal counsel when needed is crucial for managing risks appropriately.

Final Thoughts

While these challenges are real, you should still be able to self-manage your properties. At the same time, they remind you that the proper knowledge and preparation can help you navigate potential difficulties. 

By thinking through worst-case scenarios and being proactive, you can make informed decisions and prevent many issues from arising. Remember, even without prior experience, many successful landlords have learned as they go—proving that you can effectively manage your rental properties and see positive results with the right tools and mindset.

Save time and money with this refreshing guide to managing your own properties.

In The Self-Managing Landlord, Amelia McGee and Grace Gudenkauf share the secrets of efficient property management, tenant screening and onboarding, and scaling your business—all to help you break free from the 9-to-5 grind and create lasting wealth through real estate.

Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

How Much Do You Need for Early Retirement? (How to Calculate Your FI Number)

What’s your financial independence number (FI/FIRE number)? Are you being too conservative, or are you cutting things close? Do you even have one? Today, we’re taking a deep dive into this hotly debated topic to help you build a nest egg that will support your early retirement!

Welcome back to the BiggerPockets Money podcast! How much money do you actually need to retire? For years, the four-percent rule has been the “official” stance of the FI community. But why is it, then, that so many people continue saving and investing when they can comfortably retire? In this episode, Scott and Mindy talk about their own FI numbers, how they calculated them, and how their financial positions have evolved over time. You’ll learn whether the four-percent rule still works today or if you need a larger buffer!

If you’re worried about inflation, one of the best things you can do is keep your living expenses in check. This might seem out of your control, but there are several ways to either lock in certain costs or eliminate them entirely. We’ll discuss the many advantages of a paid-off house, self-managing your rental properties in retirement, and a one-time investment that could help you save thousands of dollars over your lifetime!

Click here to listen on Apple Podcasts.

Listen to the Podcast Here

Read the Transcript Here

Mindy:
In the fire community, one of the most frequently asked questions is, what is your fine number? I’ve asked this a ton of times. It’s one of my go-tos. It’s a great icebreaker. Everyone wants to know if their fine number is too low, too high, too conservative, or hopefully just right. More often than not, people are too conservative. Have you inflated your fine number just to be a little too high and could this be impacting your retirement today? We’re going to talk about that in just a few minutes. Hello, hello, hello and welcome to the BiggerPockets Money podcast. My name is Mindy Jensen and with me as always is my nose, his own risk tolerance. Co-host Scott Trench.

Scott:
I don’t think you could have come up with a beta introduction for me if you tried. Mindy BiggerPockets has a goal of creating 1 million millionaires. You are in the right place if you want to get your financial house in order because we truly believe financial freedom is attainable for everyone, no matter when or where you’re starting, as long as you actually know what your number is. Today we are going to discuss how to calculate your FI number and what you may be doing wrong. We’re going to talk about why your FI number may be too high, too conservative, and why that may be costing you a number of years and why the traditional ways of calculating your fine number, the 4% rule, are already baking in the most conservative assumptions that you probably need to plan out for your portfolio. Excited to get into this today.

Mindy:
I am too, Scott. Let’s jump right in. I’m going to put you on the hot seat. Can you give us a refresher for our audience how you calculate your fine number?

Scott:
First of all, this is such an issue because it’s the whole game, right? The question is how much do I need to retire? Everyone who is ever exploring the concept of financial independence retire early. The fire movement has to have an opinion on this number. The official stance of the fire community, I say that a little bit in jest, is the concept of the 4% rule. There is a large body of research starting with the Trinity Study and work developed by William Bangin, who we’ve had here on BiggerPockets money and followed up and expanded on by Michael Kitsis, who we’ve also had here on BiggerPockets. Money supports generally the conclusion that the 4% rule is the answer to how much do you need in order to retire la the 4% rule states that if you have a portfolio and withdraw of a 60 40 stock bond portfolio and you withdraw 4% of that portfolio or less, you never in history would run out of money over a 30 year period and it goes further than that and explains that in most cases, you end up with more money at the end of 30 years than in retirement.
Then you began your retirement with. Now this sparks the debate in the fire community. Well, if I’m retiring at 30 and I want to live to be a hundred, that 30 year component of the Trinity study and all this work really gives me the heebie GBS here. And as a result, while we generally all agree on the math and that the 4% rule is a great answer to the question, how much do you need to retire? We never, never find anybody in this entire industry doing this for years who has actually retired permanently on the 4% rule in a 60 40 stock bond portfolio in an early capacity with no other side bets, cash position, pension jobs, whatever. So how did I do it there? Is that answering the question? Framing it right?

Mindy:
I think you are correct with, I have two little changes. You said never has anybody run out of money in history retiring on the 60 40 with a 30 year horizon, and it’s actually 96% success rates. So there are a couple of times when you retire into a period of high inflation, prolonged high inflation, so you’re retiring in the sixties into the seventies hyperinflation. That was a time where when you ran out the money year 30, you know what? You might’ve actually been correct. Year 31 I think is when the bank account dipped below zero. So you said 30 years, you’re correct, but I know somebody’s going to send it out there. Send us a note. So I jumped there in advance.

Scott:
Ending 30 years with next to nothing is not an acceptable fire plan. So the point either way is the same when it comes to thinking about the 4% rule as the iron law of can you retire early?

Mindy:
Yes. However, I will argue back against people who are like, well, we’re in a period of high inflation now. First of all, inflation is already coming down. It wasn’t a prolonged period in the seventies. And second of all, if you got yourself to the position of being financially independent, chances are really good. You’re checking in on your finances at least somewhat. I don’t personally do it, but my husband does it every single day, which is way too much for me, but I know that I don’t have to because he’s doing it every single day. He’s keeping an eye on it. If there was a downturn, if there was a prolonged downturn, we would do something to right the ship. We wouldn’t just be like, well, it says we’re going to have to be withdrawing 4% every year. So that’s what we’re going to do. And even if we run out of money, there’s no way to change it. I mean, just a little bit of difference will change your whole financial outlook. You could stop spending money for a year, go get a job or a part-time job or something for a year. So I think that not only is this the most common question, what’s your fine number, but this is also a really big source of debate between people who say 4% isn’t conservative enough. So I hope to dive into that a little bit with you today, Scott. Have you calculated your FI number based on your spending? And the 4% rule

Scott:
I have, and I’m way past it at this point, frankly, which is a really interesting position to be in because I’m in the same bucket as essentially every other person who, well, I haven’t left my job, but every person who has actually left their job and retired early finds themselves in my experience in this position of having well beyond that number from a fire planning perspective.

Mindy:
Yes, and I think that our current timeline is part of the reason for it. We started, my husband and I started pursuing financial independence about 11 years ago. We reached it fairly quickly, although we were halfway there. I continued to work. He continued to work. Our nest egg has grown and doubled and doubled again, and then a little bit more. So we are not in a position to worry about our finances, but I can see how somebody who is listening to this in 25 years is like, oh, well, she did it with a huge stock market tailwind. We’ve had a crazy market for the last, what, 20 years? 15 years, 20 years? Oh, I’m sorry, I’m forgetting about 2008. How can I forget? About 2008 for the last 10 or 15 years, we have had a crazy market. So I think that there’s a lot of things to consider, but also overwhelmingly people are too conservative with their original FI number.

Scott:
Let’s put ourselves in the shoes of someone listening, and if you’re listening, let us know in the comments or on Facebook if you disagree. But if I’m going back 5, 6, 7, 8 years ago and I’m thinking about the journey to financial independence, the target is a net worth of between one and a half and two and a half million dollars inflation adjusted for the vast majority of people listening to this podcast. That will be the target. And when you’re on the journey there, that backs into a 4% number. I think that most people who are on the journey to fire back into a 4% rule number, and what we see is when people approach or even surpass that number, they’re not actually able then to retire. And that’s where the conservativeness comes in, right? Because people listening to the podcast who are on that journey are like, I’m totally fine with the 4% rule.
I get the math and I’m still shooting for it. But what we’re I think addressing here is that the reality of once you get there is that most people tend to go way beyond it or have backup plan after backup plan after backup plan for it. And so that brings up the two I think conflicting problems or the big argument in the fire community about this. Number one is, hey, there are a number of cases in history where you will end up with less money at the end of 30 years than you started with on a nominal basis, which is an unacceptable outcome for a lot of people in the fire community because they plan to live more than the 30 years of traditional retirement planning. And the second is that the 4% rule assumes and Mr. Money mustache put this beautifully in a 2012 article called How Much Do I Need for Retirement?
It assumes that the retiree will never earn any more money through any part-time work or self-employment projects for the rest of their lives. It assumes that they’ll never collect a single dollar from Social Security or any other pension plan. It assumes that they’ll never adjust their spending to account for any economic reality like a huge recession. It assumes that they will never substitute goods to compensate for inflation or price fluctuations like taking a vacation in a cheaper area one year versus doing something different in another year. It assumes that they’ll never collect any inheritance. It includes that they will never spend less as they age, which is a typical pattern that we see in a lot of retirees. So those assumptions are also not baked in to this 4% rule analysis. And so those are the two tug and poles on there, but I think that it doesn’t change the reality that every case of fire that I have come across to this point has involved someone starting with this goal of the 4% rule and going beyond it before actually pulling the trigger and quitting.

Mindy:
While we are away on a quick break, we want to hear from you, do you know what your fine number is? Submit your answer in the Spotify or YouTube app. Okay, we’ll be back right after these quick few ads.

Scott:
Alright, let’s Phi Noli jump back in

Mindy:
And I think you’re correct, Scott. We haven’t found anybody who is solely living off of their 4% rule withdrawals and not having any other side businesses. However, I do want to call out millennial revolution. They have their portfolio that they retired on and all of their additional income that is coming in now is going into a different bucket. They are pulling out of this main bucket, their 4% rule retirement bucket. They are only spending the money that they’re pulling out of there and they are living well within their means off of this money. They said that they have been doing this for 10 years and they have more money now than they did 10 years ago while continuing to withdraw 4% every year.

Scott:
Think about that example though. That’s the fun part about this, right? B Bryce and Christie, right? We had them on the show here at BiggerPockets Money too, right when they were starting this journey and they’re like, they’re geniuses. They get all this, they know all the math behind this. They wrote a book called Quit Like a Millionaire in the Space that’s really popular. You should go check it out. If you haven’t read it yet. They know what they’re talking about and they can’t even do it. They have to have the side income stream just in case their experiment doesn’t work out of traditional financial independence. And that’s the conundrum. That’s the topic today is yes, that number that is too conservative, it’s too much. They didn’t need the other side of things there because the math generally works. It’s got a real high enough hit rate that if people did it, they would retire on time and spend the minimum amount of time working and the maximum amount of time in retirement on that. But nobody can actually mentally do that without some sort of side bet.

Mindy:
Well, I don’t know that they have a side bet on purpose. I think their blog just started generating income and they wrote a book and that generated income and little other things generated income. I don’t think they set out to say we don’t believe in the 4% rule, so we’re going to make extra money. I think it just happens that they’re making extra money. The same has happened for my husband who has been retired for seven or eight years. I can’t remember now. It has happened for I am making more money now than I have ever done before. Although I do have a job, which is one source of income. I have a real estate agent license that’s another source of income. We have dividends from index funds. We have dividends from stocks that weren’t started out as dividends. There’s all these little buckets that start coming in and it feels like, so your

Scott:
Plan is too conservative.

Mindy:
It almost feels like you can’t stop it. Our original number was $1 million and I think that that might have been a little aggressive for us because we have started spending more money, but also we have started spending more money because our nest egg has grown so much. So it’s kind of a chicken and an egg thing.

Scott:
Well, look, we have this dynamic and we have wonderful math and we’ve had the people who do this research on the show and one other call out about Bill Bangin is Bill Bangin did this research and then maybe a month or two after he was on the show, maybe even a month or two before he was on BiggerPockets money, he went 70% to cash with his own personal position because he feared market correction and he didn’t use his rule to do that and he was totally fine with that. And that’s a psychological and personal preference for all of this. It’s not necessarily good retirement planning or a way to maximize wealth necessarily, but this is the guy who did the original study, couldn’t even adhere to it or didn’t adhere to it maybe is the different word. Chose not to adhere to it for what I’m sure are great reasons for him, but that’s the conundrum. So we have great math and we have no literally zero examples in six years and 550 plus episodes here of people who have actually done this.

Mindy:
And if you have, email [email protected], [email protected] and let’s tell your story because we do truly want to tell your story. We just haven’t found you yet.

Scott:
Let’s take that and say how does this factor into the plan here? Well, the plan should be amass 25 times your annual spending. That’s where we things start and know just that you are going to want to go beyond that unless you are the person who we’ve been looking for for years who will actually pull the trigger at the 4% rule with nothing else on top of that. And again, we would love to have you on the BiggerPockets Money podcast when you do that at that point or within a percentage, 1% or so of that inflection point. So that’s the plan. The plan is get there and know that that’s the beginning of the end and you’re going to move on to other parts of the process here. Then we can get into talking about more nuances from fire. And what’s kind of been interesting to me is these concepts of lean fire, regular fire, chubby fire, fat, fire and all of the things in between. And one of the things, Mindy, that I have been thinking about is inflation and protecting against this desire to maybe so kind of want to spend more as life progresses rather than keep spending flat and how to plan for that. Right? And so do you have any ideas around how someone who’s preparing for fire can lock in core expenses so that they’re protected from rising costs and inflation as much as possible?

Mindy:
Well, there’s always going to be things that you cannot control. The cost of food is going to continue to go up. The cost of gasoline is going to continue to go up. You can hedge your bet by having an electric vehicle and solar panels on your house and then you’ve mitigated your gasoline cost. You’ve mitigated some of your heating costs, some of your working around your house costs, assuming that the sun doesn’t go out. Of course you can buy a car with cash so you don’t have a car payment. You will have some repairs and you’ll need to be saving for those. But that’s not the overwhelming majority of your vehicle expenses. It’s the payment itself, the gasoline and a little bit of upkeep. You can buy a house and not be tempted to move and move and move again. Get a fixed rate mortgage, pay it off completely either way, your annual expenditures are going to be far less with a fixed rate.
Mortgage and predictable taxes are always going to go up. Property insurance is always going to go up. So if you have a principal interest, taxes, insurance, mortgage, then your mortgage is never going to be a fixed cost. But the principal and interest part will be a fixed cost. And that doesn’t change if you’re all paid off. You still have to pay property taxes. You still don’t have to pay property insurance, but I highly recommend it. Getting your costs fixed with either fixed rate, interest rates, fixed rate loans, or removing that cost altogether while you’re on your FI journey. So you have the paid off everything I think would be the best choice. But there are some things that are not going to be predictable when you are operating under a, I am spending X per year, you still need to pay attention to what you’re spending. It’s so easy for your spending to go up. So if you think you’re spending $50,000 a year, check in on yourself loosely if you’re on track to spend $50,000 a year, but tighten up a little bit if you’re not on track or rethink your fine number. There’s a lot of ways to lock in your expenses on most things so that the fluctuating expenses like food aren’t going to derail your whole budget.

Scott:
Let’s talk about some of these items here because I think that as you think about planning for fire, the expense side is so much more important in a lot of ways than the asset base or even the income on it because if you need to spend a lot, you need to realize a higher income, which puts you in a higher tracks bracket, which puts a pressure that compounds the whole way up the stack. On the net worth side, you need a lot more net worth to spend $300,000 a year comfortably in retirement. Then you do $50,000 a year in retirement and it’s a compounding set. So the difference between 50 and 60 is not that large in terms of tax consequences, but every little bit counts. And so when you think about the way to protect your fire plan from inflation, I think that that’s right, right? You just went down the stack and I just want to repeat some of them here and think through ’em the home, right? What percent of people who actually retire with something closer to the 4% rule, do you think pay off their mortgage? Mindy, if you had to guess

Mindy:
Paying it off before the 30 years is up, wow, I would say that’s pretty low, like 20, 30%.

Scott:
I would bet you that. So I think there’s a carve out here. I think for people like yourself who have much more than you need for a fire and a low interest rate mortgage, they’re not paying that off because it’s an investment decision at that point. But for people who are somewhat close to that bubble, I think that they’re paying it off. I think you’re going to find that paying off the home mortgage is very popular in, I actually retired and left my job before the age of 60 in this country. I wonder how we could pull that, but I’d love to have a discussion, go in there and see how people think about it and who’s fired and is not way beyond the 4% role, but it’s just a little bit behind this 4% rule. And if you did, did you pay off your mortgage first or do you still have it?

Mindy:
Okay, I have to write down these questions because I’m going to pull our audience in the Facebook group, which is facebook.com/groups/bp money

Scott:
If folks are interested in learning more. Mindy and I had a very spirited debate about this on episode 5 54 where we talk about the math of paying off a mortgage early and we really nerd it out on a lot of the pre and post tax consequences of that. But I think that that’s a really good way. Okay, you have a paid off house your rent, you’re not exposed on the rent side to inflation for as long as you live in that property. You are exposed in the costs of home maintenance, you’re exposed in the cost of utilities, you’re exposed in the cost of insurance and property taxes or your HOA if you have one. And so those are things that are in there, but you can control the fact that rent is not going to grow. And I think that despite some folks in the space like Ramit Safety, who very rightfully talk about how a lot of millionaires should rent and that renting is in many cases a better alternative if you’re planning for a 30 year retirement and actually want to pull the trigger. I think a paid off house is a pretty helpful way to think about it for a lot of folks because you just know that expense is not going to grow with inflation on it. So I think that’ll be a popular move and that’s something I chose to do. I like to not have to worry about that expense rising over time except to my real estate portfolio

Mindy:
And I chose to get a mortgage when I bought this house. We actually had to pay cash for it in order to be able to close quickly and then after six months we chose to get a mortgage on it because rates were so low. And because I want to take that money that is, for lack of a better word, sitting in my house and put it to use in the stock market.

Scott:
We should take one fi, no break, but stick around for more on adjusting your FI number when we’re back. Welcome back to the show. Let’s talk about solar panels next. So this is one in there, right? Okay, here’s the thought process that I would go through, right? Okay. My energy bill is 150 bucks a month or whatever it is, and I can get solar panels and that knocks out an $1,800 to $2,000 a year expense on my life that I was just permanently knocked out. What’s that going to cost me? Like 25, 30 grand, something in there much more. Okay, great. What do I have to, so what do you think it will cost me to get solar panels like that?

Mindy:
Okay, so I put solar panels on my house. I say my husband did it, I didn’t do it. He would love to talk to you about it ad nauseum forever. But we put solar panels on the house. We did a DIY installation, we got quotes from other companies. The least expensive quote that we got for half of the amount of panels that we ended up putting on was $7,000. This was unacceptable. So Carl started looking into DIY. We’ve got some friends who are electrical engineers, we’ve got some friends who are electricians, we’ve got some contractor friends and he’s just really handy. So we installed the panels ourselves. We did end up paying an electrician to come and change out the panel, which has to be done and all in it was $13,000 for us to put in twice as many panels as the original $37,000 quote. We got a tax credit, so our net cost was something like $9,000 out of pocket. We live in Colorado where they advertise it’s 330 days of sun every year. That’s not quite accurate, but it’s close enough. We get a lot of sun here. So in a place that doesn’t get a lot of sun like your northern states, I wouldn’t even consider putting on solar panels.

Scott:
Wait, wait, wait, wait though we were so close. What did your energy costs go from until

Mindy:
Well, so we have twice as many panels as we needed at the time. We also now have two electric vehicles that are charging. We have a swimming pool, we have an air conditioner that all run on electric. Our net is about break even like what we are making from the sun and what we are using. But we will have a surplus over the winter months when the air conditioning and the pool aren’t running. And then over the summer we use up that surplus. My electric company pays me the retail rate for my excess electricity, which is not always something that your electricity company will do. Sometimes they will pay you the wholesale rate. So even though you’re paying, I dunno what it is, you’re paying a dollar a kilowatt hour and they are paying 20 cents a kilowatt hour for your extra. So there’s not the same break even.

Scott:
But now let’s take that and move that into the context of fire. So you put $9,000 into this project and your electricity costs went on an annualized basis from what to what

Mindy:
I will say about $200 a month, $20 a month for the connectivity because that charge will never go away.

Scott:
So we went from $2,400 a month to a year to 25, 200 $50 a year in electricity costs. And let’s also call out the fact that this just move also came with two electric cars, which means no gas. I dunno how much you drive, but let’s call that another a hundred dollars a month for two electric cars, at least in cost savings. That is fueled by your solar panels here and decisions to do other things. Do you have a power bank as well that stores electricity as part of this? Okay, so that would another potential one that would, I think those are pretty expensive from Tesla or whatever that can bank power for the home. But for this $9,000 investment, you reduced your cash outlays and electricity by $2,000 and maybe by another 1200 bucks. That’s $3,200 a year for when you think about gas savings with the two electric vehicles that you now have.
So that break even is closer to three years. And let’s also talk about how now you don’t need to generate, you don’t pay tax on that $3,000 on that return. That is all post tax that just stays in your account. You don’t have to realize income to do that. And I know, or I bet you guys are in a pretty high income tax bracket between all your investments and the things that are going on. So that’s a major savings. So you’d have to generate, that’s like a 33% return post tax per year when you factor in all the other decisions that came from it. And so that is what’s really interesting to me. Now, if it’s $67,000 to get the solar panels in there, you have a major problem. But that I think is part of the analysis of PHI that people should be thinking about here is, okay, and think about all the things that go together home. You’re not going to do that on a place you rent. So there’s a home factor in here. I think that there’s a connection here that can be explored when you think about how do I protect my life from inflation? Well, it’s thinking like that. What else can you do along those lines to set up your living environment so that you can make those kinds of decisions. So I think Carl’s math on this and yours here, I think it’s a home run, this investment.

Mindy:
Yes, for sure. We are not at all sad that we have gotten these Originally when we put them on, we were going to stay here for another four years and now we may move in a year or so, we’re just moving around the corner, but then we would sell this house and we wouldn’t have the solar panels anymore. It has been a good choice for us. But again, if you don’t have all of these other factors, it might not be a good choice for you If you can’t, DIY it 37,000 versus 9,000. That’s a big difference. And that 37,000 was taking into account the credit that we would be getting from I think the state or the federal. I can’t remember who gives the credit,

Scott:
But this is a perfect, this is a perfect example, right? So you’re fired, you’re close, you’re worried about being conservative, right? Go a little bit beyond and consider how do I create a life situation that costs as little as possible with my new found time in retirement, right? I am not going to run BiggerPockets during the day and then get on my roof, DIY, installing solar panels in the evenings and weekends At this point, if I was fire, I might and that was my day or that my plan that might actually happen on there. And so those are the types of things that you can think about when you’re starting to say, how do I protect my portfolio from inflation? Well, it’s this concept of you’re retired and you’re not at traditional retirement age. You can develop a lot of skills that can then drive these costs down.
Those skills can include solar panels. They can include getting really skilled at shopping and preparing meals for much lower costs. What might be practical or reasonable during your working career. For example, it can include operating parts of your investment portfolio or whatever that can save cost. If I was fire, my rental property portfolio for example, might not have a property manager or might not have a property manager for all of the portfolio, which generates an increase of 10%, I’m now not spending 10% of those rents on property management. And so those are the ways or those are the starter ideas I think to protect against inflation. And then there are certain things you just can’t protect against the fact that groceries will spend more or if you like to eat out food costs will rise. I was going to say gas, but we’ve covered gas actually.
Other things like insurance. So insurance, having a paid off house, you can have different deductibles for example that maybe your lender wouldn’t accept, which allows you to have cheaper insurance rates not moving when your house is sold. The tax appraiser has a very clear idea of what that house is worth at that point and could reassess the tax basis on it. If you live in the place for 20 years and the place doesn’t sell and it’s not a direct comp with all the neighbor homes, maybe your tax bill is going to lag behind other things. So we can’t control those directly, but we can influence them when we’re thinking about retirement and those things add up. When you take all of those ideas, all of these concepts around solar panels around paid off home that is not going to inflate over a dozen or a decade or two into retirement, that will make a major dent in protecting your spending from inflation are huge chunks of it. While your portfolio is very likely outpacing or at least staying in line with inflation, how are we thinking?

Mindy:
I’m wondering how I should be looking at the fine number if I’m not 60 40 stocks bonds, but instead a hundred percent stocks.

Scott:
I’ll tell you this, a nobody, if we might meet somebody, if retires on a 4% rule with 60 40, we will never meet someone who will retire on a 4% rule portfolio with just stocks. You’re pointing at yourself, but you may be a hundred percent stocks, but it’s because you’re well past the FI number. Nobody is, we’re never going to meet the person. Mindy, I’ll tell us right now and I will eat my words if it ever comes to pass, but we’ll never meet the person who will actually retire with no backup plan, with no other items in place at a 4% rule, a hundred percent stock portfolio, it will happen.

Mindy:
Okay? And his name is Scott. His email [email protected]. If you did in fact retire on a hundred percent stocks and are withdrawing from your 4% rule

Scott:
And have no emergency reserve and no pension and no side projects and are not close to attritional retirement age and going to withdraw social security and have no other gotchas or gimmicks in your portfolio that are side bets. Besides that true reliance on the 4% withdrawal rate from a hundred percent stock portfolio, I’ll eat my words.

Mindy:
I’ll put these on a cookie and have you eat that.

Scott:
Sounds good,

Mindy:
Scott. I thought this was a very fun conversation. Thank you so much for your points of view. I always learn something when I’m talking to you and now I have to go back and revisit my solar plan, my solar panel plan, maybe even revisit that video because I told people that it was not a break even and I think at the time we didn’t have the electric vehicles, but with the electric vehicle, I think that that’s a much more viable solution.

Scott:
Andy, I always learn from you and feel like your bets are though I couldn’t make solar panels work. I didn’t consider DIY installing solar panels. There’s no reason not to consider that. As I think about that project, I’ll just do that at some other future point, what I have a few weeks off on there, but that’s a home run. That’s one of the best investments that someone I think could make in that situation. Although I do have questions about whether rock sized hail will wipe out that investment.

Mindy:
Well, we did have those hailstorms last year and they’re still standing. Scott, when we move into the new house, we will be putting on solar panels. So come on up for a day and you can learn how to do it yourself. Alright Scott, should we get out of here?

Scott:
Let’s do it.

Mindy:
That wraps up this episode of the BiggerPockets Money Podcast. He is the Scot Trench. I am Mindy Jensen saying Tooles noodles.

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In This Episode We Cover

  • How to calculate your financial independence number (and when to adjust it!)
  • The four-percent rule explained (and whether it still works in 2024)
  • Why most people chasing FIRE don’t retire on the four-percent rule
  • How to control your expenses and protect against inflation in retirement
  • The “home run” investment that could save you thousands of dollars
  • And So Much More!

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

Improve Your Real Estate Returns by Optimizing Your Existing Properties When Deals Are Hard To Find

Finding promising equity deals in today’s real estate market can feel like a needle in a haystack. Whether you’re an active or passive real estate investor, facing this challenge means it’s crucial to focus on making the most of your existing investments. By optimizing your current holdings, you can enhance their performance and ensure they align with your long-term goals—and put more money in your pocket along the way. Here’s a straightforward guide on how to do just that.

Understanding the Need for Optimization

When new real estate deals are hard to come by, it becomes crucial to focus on optimizing your existing portfolio. This is your chance to enhance the value and performance of the properties and deals you already own—especially commercial opportunities, where every dollar you can save or create can increase the exit valuation of the project. 

However, the process of optimization doesn’t start with creating income and saving on expenses, but rather evaluating each property to ensure it aligns with your financial goals and adjusting it to fit current market conditions. 

How to Optimize Your Current Holdings

Even if you’re a passive investor who is more hands-off, you can still gain significant value by following steps one and two and staying up to date with your operator on steps three and four. 

1. Define your goals, risk, and timeline

Begin by articulating—or updating—your investment objectives. To make meaningful changes to your investments, ask yourself:

  • What are my investment goals? Am I aiming for capital preservation, diversification, consistent cash flow, long-term equity growth, or some combination of these?
  • Are my current investments aligned with my long-term objectives? How are my existing investments performing in relation to my long-term goals, and do they fit with my current strategy?
  • What do I want my portfolio to achieve in the next five to 10 years, and what level of risk am I willing to take to meet this timeline? Have I clearly defined what success looks like for my portfolio in the long term? Am I comfortable with the level of risk associated with achieving these goals within my desired time frame?
  • How am I tracking the performance of my investments? Am I regularly reviewing my investments to ensure they are on track, and am I making adjustments if needed? 

These questions will help you evaluate whether your investments are meeting your goals and guide you in making necessary changes.

2. Reevaluate your portfolio based on your goals

With a clear understanding of your goals, risk tolerance, and timeline, it’s time to reassess your investments to ensure they still fit your strategy. Treat each property in your portfolio as if you were evaluating it for the first time. Here’s how to approach it.

Rate each property on a scale from one to four—four being the best—in these core areas. This will help you identify which investments are meeting your expectations and which might need changes or even replacement:

  • Capital Preservation: Is your investment protected from market downturns? The aim is to avoid losses and stay in the game during tough times.
  • Cash Flow: How is each property performing in terms of income? Consider ways to boost rental income, such as adjusting rents, upgrading amenities, or changing rental strategies.
  • Equity Growth: How does each property contribute to your overall equity growth? Look for properties that appreciate in value and enhance your portfolio’s worth.
  • Timeline: Are your investments aligned with your financial goals and plans for the future? Assess whether each property is on track to help you meet your long-term objectives.
  • Tax Benefits: Are you taking full advantage of tax deductions and benefits? Effective tax management can significantly improve returns.
  • Leverage: How is your use of borrowed funds impacting your investment strategy? Proper leverage can boost returns, but too much borrowing can increase risk.
  • Operator Performance: How effective is your property management team or investment partner? Efficient management is crucial for maintaining property value and ensuring tenant satisfaction.

If a property scores low in any key area—such as a one—consider whether it’s worth holding on to. If improvements aren’t feasible, it may be time to sell and reinvest that capital into better-performing opportunities. Or if the deal is a passive syndication, earmark those funds for reallocation—for example, moving that equity position into a debt position when the deal does cycle out.

Reevaluating your portfolio this way ensures that each investment aligns with your updated goals and helps you make informed decisions about keeping, replacing, and investing in new properties.

3. Deciding to sell

When deciding whether to sell a property, it’s crucial to see if it aligns with your investment goals. If it doesn’t, preparing it for sale might be the best move.

Start by making any necessary repairs and improving the property’s appearance. Enhancing curb appeal can make a big difference in attracting buyers. Also, consider updating your marketing strategy to highlight the property’s strengths and reach more potential buyers. Sometimes, raising rents can make the property seem more valuable to buyers.

For instance, I recently sold a short-term rental (STR). To prepare it for sale, I switched property management companies to boost its performance. Although it still didn’t hit my financial targets, the new buyer was drawn to it because it fit their needs for lifestyle and equity growth. They also valued the improvements I made to address the income issues. 

The same approach can apply to single-family homes, multifamily properties, and other types of real estate: Making smart enhancements can help you sell a property more effectively.

4. Deciding to hold

If you choose to hold a deal, the first step is to assess whether your current strategy still aligns with your investment goals, real estate market conditions, and the local real estate market itself. If your existing strategy is no longer effective, it may be time to consider a change. 

Ask yourself if the strategy needs adjustment or if moving to a different market might yield better returns. For example, if you’re using a long-term rental (LTR) strategy but market conditions favor midterm rentals (MTRs), it might be worth switching. Conversely, if STRs are no longer as profitable, transitioning back to LTRs or MTRs could be beneficial.

If your strategy is still effective or once you’ve made the necessary adjustments, focus on maximizing the property’s income using these strategies:

  • Adjust Rent Prices: Regularly update rent prices to keep them competitive with local market rates.
  • Upgrade Amenities: Invest in property upgrades to justify higher rents and attract better tenants.
  • Add Income Streams: Consider additional revenue sources like pet fees or rent, amenity fees, laundry income, storage income, etc.

While optimizing your income, it’s equally important to manage your expenses to maximize profitability:

  • Debt Management: Review your mortgage or loan terms to see if refinancing or restructuring could lower your payments and secure better rates.
  • Insurance: Assess your insurance coverage to ensure it’s adequate and cost-effective.
  • Taxes: Explore tax-saving strategies to reduce your tax liabilities, including possibly contesting your property taxes.
  • Property Management Fees: Negotiate management fees, if possible, without sacrificing service quality.
  • Other Contracts: Regularly review and negotiate contracts with vendors (lawn care, pest care, snow removal, etc.) and consultants (bookkeeping, tax, legal, etc.) to ensure you get the best value for the services provided.

Once you’ve optimized income and reduced expenses, establish systems to monitor performance and set a timeline for reevaluation:

  • Monitoring Systems: Implement regular tracking systems to monitor income, expenses, and overall property performance. These can include financial software or property management tools. A simple checklist reminding you when certain policies renew and contracts expire can be a great planning tool.
  • Reevaluation Timeline: Set a timeline for periodic reviews—such as every six months or annually—to assess the effectiveness of the changes and make further adjustments if needed. This may simply mean putting an appointment on your calendar!

By carefully evaluating your strategy, optimizing income, managing expenses, and implementing regular review systems, you can ensure that your property remains a valuable, productive part of your investment portfolio.

Final Thoughts

When finding new real estate deals is difficult, optimizing your existing holdings becomes a vital strategy for both active and passive investors. By understanding your financial goals, reevaluating each deal, and making strategic adjustments, you can enhance the performance of your portfolio and ensure it aligns with your long-term vision. This proactive approach will not only help you get the most out of your current investments but also prepare you for when new opportunities arise.

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

The Fall Housing Market Could Be One of the Hottest Ever

According to Zillow, lower mortgage rates could lead to a busy homebuying season this fall. “Lower mortgage rates and rising inventory are giving homebuyers a window of opportunity at an unusual time of year,” the listings giant said.

Inventory Is Still Down From Pre-Pandemic Levels

Zillow reported that nationwide active inventory was up 22% year over year in August, although it remained 31% lower than the pre-pandemic level of August 2019. Meanwhile, new listings grew slightly monthly and yearly but were 21% lower than the same month in 2019. 

In a separate report, Zillow reported that unlike at the height of the rate hikes, when renting was cheaper than buying, the opposite is true in 22 of the 50 largest U.S. metros. New Orleans, Chicago, and Pittsburgh offer the most significant savings when comparing the cost of rent to a mortgage payment, assuming that the buyer purchases conventionally with a 20% down payment

Said Zillow Home Loans senior economist Orphe Divounguy:

This analysis shows homeownership may be more within reach than most renters think. Coming up with the down payment is still a huge barrier, but for those who can make it work, homeownership may come with lower monthly costs and the ability to build long-term wealth in the form of home equity—something you lose out on as a renter. With mortgage rates dropping, it’s a great time to see how your affordability has changed and if it makes more sense to buy than rent.

5.25% Is The Magic Number

The Wall Street Journal, quoting Moody’s Analytics, wrote that a 30-year fixed mortgage would need to fall to 5.25% before the monthly payment on a $419,000 home would close in on the average U.S. rent of $1,840.

According to a report on Realtor.com, much homebuying activity this fall could be seen in expensive California cities and/or on the East Coast, where the rate cut could have the biggest impact on monthly mortgage payments.

Many economists differ on just how busy the fall market could become. Though the half-point Fed rate cut is meaningful, as the market anticipated it beforehand and adjusted accordingly, many people feel it will be 2025, particularly in spring, when buying and selling kick into high gear. 

“We should be going back to pre-pandemic norms,” Selma Hepp, chief economist for CoreLogic, said in an interview with USA Today. “The pent-up demand is there, but the lower the rate, the better.”

One of the biggest contributing factors to the degree of activity depends on the available inventory and house prices. According to the latest S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller Home Price Index, which ended in June, U.S. home prices posted a 5.4% annual gain, making buying still out of reach of many prospective homeowners and investors despite the recent rate drop. 

“The upward pressure on home prices is making this the most unaffordable housing market in history,” Lisa Sturtevant, chief economist at Bright MLS, said in her analysis.

“For the best possible outcome, we’d first need to see inventories of homes for sale turn considerably higher,” Keith Gumbinger, vice president at online mortgage company HSH.com, said in the USA Today article. “This additional inventory, in turn, would ease the upward pressure on home prices, leveling them off or perhaps helping them to settle back somewhat from peak or near-peak levels.”

Cutting Rates Too Quickly Could Have an Adverse Effect

Though many investors are hoping for further rate cuts, too many too soon could cause a frenzy in the housing market that would be detrimental to both buyers and investors, resulting in higher prices that could eradicate any increases in inventory. It’s a double-edged sword because lower interest rates will allow rate-locked homeowners to sell and thus create more inventory. However, if the rates drop too precipitously, prices will rise. 

According to a recent Freddie Mac report, the inventory shortage remains well below the pre-pandemic average for now. 

“I don’t expect to see a meaningful increase in the supply of existing homes for sale until mortgage rates are back down in the low-5% range, so probably not in 2024,” Rick Sharga, founder and CEO of CJ Patrick Company, a market intelligence and business advisory firm, told Forbes.

Commercial Real Estate Investors Could See Fast Relief

The Fed rate cut directly impacts commercial real estate investors with adjustable-rate mortgages, as they are indexed to short-term rates, such as SOFR or prime. Lower rates also increase liquidity across the financial system.

“With rates rising faster and higher than in recent memory, cash flow coverages on many deals have gotten skinnier,” Al Brooks, head of commercial real estate for JPMorgan Chase, said on the company’s website. “As a result, commercial real estate lenders have had to take out additional reserves against their portfolios.”

“As interest rates decrease, cash flow coverage increases, bringing down loan loss reserves for banks,” Brooks continued. “Lower reserves can then be put back into the market and facilitate more deal flow.” 

Thus, it will be easier for prospective commercial real estate borrowers to get loans from banks. Even if the rates aren’t exactly where investors want them, looking for opportunities and starting conversations with lenders early, in anticipation of further rate cuts, is probably a good idea, considering how long commercial real estate deals can take to close, factoring in inspections, lease audits, and financing. Brooks advises that lower rates could be a good time for commercial investors with loans near the end of their term to refinance to lower payments, save money on interest, and free up cash for renovations or to purchase more real estate. 

Final Thoughts 

If there was ever a time to buy and hold real estate, it is now. With the Fed signaling that 18 months of rate cuts are ahead and prices likely to rise with increased affordability, simply buying now and selling once this happens is expected to be profitable, even with a minimum amount of work. Of course, it means buying right—regardless of asset class—and not paying too much. 

Regardless of your investment preference—commercial, residential, flipping, or buying and holding—buying this fall should prove a prescient move before the next round of rate cuts.

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.