The “Lazy” Landlord’s Guide to Finding (And Keeping) Tenants & Raising Rents

Finding, screening, and placing new tenants for your rental property is not only difficult—it’s expensive! Want to attract the best tenants in town and ensure that they stick around for the long haul? You won’t want to miss this episode!

Welcome back to the Real Estate Rookie podcast! As the self-proclaimed “lazy investor,” Dion McNeeley wants to have long-term tenants and as little turnover as possible. Today, he’s going to share the tips, tricks, and tactics he uses to keep tenants around for not just months or years but decades. The best part? He’s not doing anything the average investor can’t do. By implementing these same strategies, you can find high-quality residents and reduce turnover!

Of course, not every investor can devote twenty hours to their real estate business each week. Fortunately, Dion offers some portfolio-saving advice that will allow you to become a more hands-off investor. You’ll hear about a strategy that will have tenants asking YOU to raise rent, as well as a crucial document that could protect your investment when inheriting tenants. Finally, you’ll learn why retention isn’t always the best option and when to let a tenant go.

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Ashley:
Hey rookies. A question we get all the time is how to best handle purchasing a tenant occupied property to make sure the handover goes smoothly. Today, we’re going to give you a step-by-step guide for this process and make sure your investment property is set up for success. This is the Real Estate Rookie podcast. I’m Ashley Kehr and I’m here with Tony J Robinson

Tony:
And welcome to the podcast where every week, three times a week, we bring you the inspiration, motivation, and stories you need to hear to kickstart your investing journey. So guys, obviously it goes without saying that. To help us with this how to episode, we have to bring back on the binder strategy King Dion McNeely. Now you guys may recognize him because he’s been on the podcast before, but we’re so excited to have Dion on again. So Dion, welcome back to the Rookie podcast.

Dion:
Alright, I appreciate the invite so much. I actually watched your guys’ content a lot. I learned from a lot of the guests, I learned from you guys and this is a topic I’m super glad that you reached out for because some of the things that I do, I do kind of backwards to what seems traditional. An example would be most landlords want their leases to end in the winter. Most landlords will want a vacant property. They want to buy a property that’s vacant that they can set up the way they want it to and get brand new fresh area market rents or be the top rental in the area. I invested while working full time was a single parent with three kids. They were younger when I started and I didn’t have time for all of that. So my goal was to buy properties with tenants in place.

Dion:
I’ve done both. I’ve purchased vacant and I’ve purchased with the tenants living there, and I much prefer the tenants living there. It’s kind of where the binder strategy came from was because you generally buy rents or below area average. And so I have a pretty good system of when I buy a property and there’s tenants in place, here’s the check marks of all the things I go through to make sure that it’s a smooth acquisition. Because so many people when we look at a property, they focus on math, they think, what’s my yield? What’s my return going to be? And I’m looking at if I buy this property, how’s it going to make my life better?

Ashley:
So Deanne, let’s start with before you even acquire a property, what should a buyer know before they’re looking at properties, when they’re considering buying a tenant owned property or tenant occupied property?

Dion:
So when you’re hunting for properties, always knowing your end goal and making sure that the property meets what you’re planning to do. If you do short-term midterm storage, rv, I’m the super lazy person. I want to buy a tenant that I talk to once every two or three years, so I do long-term tenants and I want low tenant turnover, so I’m actually looking at properties considering physical aspects of the property to me are almost as important as the math. I want to get the yield I’m looking for, but I want to make sure that the physical aspects of the property are going to help limit tenant turnover. And there’s kind of a checklist of things that I do. I like side-by-side properties. I do small multi-family. I don’t want tenants living above or below another. I want garages in the middle so you don’t even have shared living walls.

Dion:
I want washer dryer hookups inside each unit because anybody using a shared laundry or a laundromat is just waiting for the next place to open. I want a lot of space, so two bedrooms or more a garage or a carport or something because more space means or more stuff less likely to move. I want to look at the physical aspects of the area, make sure it’s not next to a landing strip for an PL or a train or a loud pub. And then there’s good off street parking. So all of the things that make a tenant want to stay, I like pet friendly fenced yards and there’s no difference between a fenced yard and a pet friendly fenced yard other than I called it pet friendly and they put that in the actual photo on the listing. The photo shows the fence yard, and I put in the words pet friendly fenced yard. I get a ton of applicants because I accept pets just like the other landlords do, but I actually have the words in the picture saying it’s pet friendly.

Tony:
I just want to comment on that really quick. That’s such a genius idea because we started adding fences to some of our short-term rentals. For that reason. We had a lot of people that were coming with their pets and were like, we were getting feedback. They couldn’t let ’em out because there was no fence. We started putting fences around our properties, but we never went back and said, Hey, we’ve got a pet friendly fenced yard. So small little marketing piece, but I feel like that it probably goes a long way

Dion:
And I’m also looking for tenants that want to stay and one of the reasons why I allow pets a couple of things, you get pet rent because you’re going to have possibly pet damage in the future. I’ve had one pet damage in over a decade and it was less than $200. I’ve had thousands of dollars in kid damage. So with allowing pets, you also get to charge a premium on your rent because there’s less units available that allow pets. And also allowing pets that never have to deal with somebody arguing that they have an ESA animal because they printed out a piece of paper that took five minutes to find online. I just allow pets don’t charge a pet fee or pet rent if they have an ESA animal, but at least they don’t have to have that argument. And when people have pets, they’re less likely to move because even if the human moves with the animal, it’s a pet relocation. So I have longer term tenants, a higher rent possible pet rent, and my goal, remember is to make my life easier and less tenant turnover with happy tenants helps do that.

Ashley:
Okay, so Dion, now that we kind of found out your buy box for when you’re looking for properties, are there any legal obligations we should know about before actually purchasing a property with the tenants already in place?

Dion:
One of the things that I really like about buying properties with tenants in place, and it’s the majority of the time for me, my targeted search really is, Tony, you mentioned you’ve done the bur and you guys have both done rehabs. If a tenant is in place, a tenant is already living there. Now this isn’t a hundred percent of the time, it’s been a hundred percent of the time for me, but that means the water runs, the power’s on. There is a subfloor, right? The basics of it being habitable are assumed because there’s already somebody living there. So I don’t have to do the big rehab or the big repairs or find a tenant. So that’s the benefits to me. The drawback is you’re bound by the existing lease, right? The new buyer doesn’t come in and say, I’m the new owner, let’s get a lease together.

Dion:
You have to find out which lease is already in place and if there is no lease, you’re bound by what your state’s laws are and in most cases it means they’re just considered a month to month tenant. So I’ve looked at properties before and while I never look at the lease or the current rents to run my math to figure out if it’s a good or a bad deal because in my mind area average rents set rents not in agreement between two people. That’s a unique point versus area average rents is what’s going to probably be happening with that property in the years to come. And I’ve seen where a seller tries to protect their tenants and they go, I’m selling the property, so let’s sign a new 12 month lease at a really low rent to protect you so the new buyer because you’re bound by that lease.

Dion:
And that blew the deal up for several people. They looked at that and they said, oh, I’m not buying it with those long low leases. What I did is I looked at the, so in this case rent should have been 18, one lease was signed at 15 and one was signed at 1250. So I could actually run the math and go, so for this first year I’m losing $300 a month here and what is it $550 a month here? What does that equal in a year? How does that impact my yield calculation if I had that expense to buy this property? So it didn’t kill the deal for me. It said, what price adjustment would I make or what concession would I ask for to allow these leases not to blow up the deal? Because you are bound by those leases and you want to make sure that you look at those to see is the tenant responsible for taking care of the yard?

Dion:
Because in my case with small multifamily and all but one of my properties, the tenants handled their section of the yard and I want to know if it’s in the lease that a services provided, I would consider that in my cost or I had one time that I would like to meet the tenants during the walkthrough either with the inspection, the appraisal, or when I’m giving my landlord introduction letter and interact with the tenants to make sure that when you get that estoppel agreement where you get the tenant’s information, contact info, and then something that almost everyone misses that I all ask for in the estoppel is you get the tenant’s explanation of what the rent is, especially if you’re buying from somebody who doesn’t have a lease. You want to make sure what the landlord is saying and what the tenant is saying aligns with each other and the tenant let me know, my rent is higher by $200 a month because I didn’t pay a deposit.

Dion:
So what the end of this year, I expect my rent to come down $200 a month because my deposit’s paid. That wasn’t written in the lease, it just had the rent. That was a verbal agreement between the seller and the tenant that I wouldn’t know if it didn’t have that interaction with the tenant. And so that’s one of the reasons why their current lease, what they’re paying for. Rents aren’t used in my equations. I use area average rents. What would this unit rent for if this tenant and this seller weren’t involved? And that’s how I know if the math makes sense or not.

Tony:
Hey, we’re going to take a quick break, but when we get back, Dion is going to talk about his binder strategy and why this is such a powerful tool to use when you’re purchasing a tenant occupied property.

Ashley:
Welcome back to the show. We are here with Dion. So Dion, I want to highlight for anyone listening as you’re talking about lease agreements and finding out from your state what is legal, what is not, and if you’re going to be creating new leases before you even purchase a property, go to biggerpockets.com/leases and you can actually view leases by state to see what some of the requirements or what is acceptable for your state for lease agreements. If you’re a BiggerPockets Pro member, you get these for free. So go ahead and take a look at those or you can go ahead and purchase ’em for whatever state that you need. But go to biggerpockets.com/leases. I wanted to explain real quick, you threw out a buzzword that also can be found on biggerpockets.com/glossary for all of the terms and definitions we talk about here at BiggerPockets, but estoppel agreement.

Ashley:
So if you’ve been a long time listener, you know that Tony learned how to spell this word on this podcast. But to explain real quick, the estoppel agreement is something that you can ask tenants to fill out before actually purchasing the property. You most of the time should ask the current owner for their permission to send this information to their tenants, but it’s basically just a form for them to fill out, like Deon said, with all of their information and you’re going to use the information they provide to compare it to the lease agreement or if there is no lease in place, what the owner of the property is telling you is true. So who owns the appliances, who pays for what utilities, things along that. So it gives you something to compare to who is saying who, so that you don’t walk into a property thinking that you’re running your numbers, not having to pay any utilities, but then you purchase the property and the tenant says, oh no, I don’t pay the utilities either. So an estoppel agreement is a great thing to put in place and to have filled out before you actually purchase a property.

Tony:
So I think one of the thing I want to focus on to there, Dion, is that you’ve been fortunate enough where most of the properties that you’ve inherited tenants with that they were in livable condition, but I’ve definitely walked some properties in my time where people are living there and I think I’m somewhat shocked and surprised by the conditions that I’m walking into. We actually walked a property, we were looking at flipping last year and my wife was pregnant at the time and she got two steps into the front door and she’s like, I’m just going to wait in the car because it was that bad inside. So I think there’s always maybe a little bit of room in there to maybe do a little bit of rehab, but I just wanted to call that out for folks. Every landlord might be stepping into something different. But I guess let’s talk about the transition piece, Dion, because I think that’s what a lot of folks maybe get worried about when they actually buy property with an existing tenant and you on it already. But I guess what are some of the best practices for taking over a tenant occupied property so that you can start off with the smoothest transition possible?

Dion:
So I talked a little bit about the landlord introduction letter and when you interact with the tenants, you didn’t get to screen these tenants, you don’t know their credit score, you don’t know their work history, you don’t know their eviction history or criminal history. If you check that and you don’t know if you want to keep these tenants, they might be great. They might be the reason the owner sold and they might be living in bad conditions because they didn’t let the previous owner in to do any of the repairs. So you end up with a situation, Tony, where you walk and you’re like, wow, why would you live like this? They might be the reason. So what I don’t do right away is try to get a lease signed immediately in the first couple of months, right? I am known for the binder strategy where I get my tenants to ask me to raise the rent.

Dion:
I specifically like targeting rents, rentals with tenants in place because their rents are usually low. Now, I don’t want to do a rehab, I don’t want to do a tenant flip. I don’t want to find tenants. I don’t want to do all of the work that’s involved there. I was working full-time, had three young kids, and so having tenants in place, I can do this binder strategy and show area average rents, have them ask the tenant, what do you think is fair for rents? If you do that right away, you might lock in a long lease with someone you don’t want to keep. So for two months, this is your opportunity to vet those tenants because why do we run credit and why do we check eviction history? Because we want to make sure they’re going to pay their rent on time. We want to make sure that they don’t keep getting evicted because of noise complaints.

Dion:
So you don’t know that yet. So in those two months, do you get noise complaints? Do they call you for super trivial things? That’s my two months period to figure out if I want to keep the tenants. So then I will do something like sign a new lease or use the binder strategy in those two months to make the transition go as smooth as possible. I also do things that the previous landlord probably wasn’t doing. One of the reasons why they were selling is they’re usually older, tired, don’t want to take care of the property. They were afraid of raising rents on a good tenant. So instead of losing a good tenant, they lost a good asset, which is now the thing that I acquired. So I’ll do things that like upgrade and maintain the property, which for me is coded locks. I target class C properties specifically and it’s kind of rare to have coated locks and class C properties.

Dion:
Tenants are just used to having keys, so it’s kind of an upgrade. I put in motion sensor LED, exterior lights, which improves the safety of the place, modernizes the look a little, and then I actually do something that I’ve had people tell me never to do. I ask the tenants if they owned the property, is there something they would fix? And my friends have said, don’t do that. They’re going to ask you to add a bedroom or pave the driveway. It’s never been that. What I’ve had is tenants say if I had a screen door, I’d be able to leave the door open in the summary, it’d be really nice. Spend $150 on a screen door, have a really happy tenant. So for those two months I got to vet the tenants and the tenant saw that I’m going to maintain the place I care about what they want fixed.

Dion:
I got a to-do list from the inspection, so I had any things taken care of. Then the conversation with the binder strategy or setting the rents goes much better because the tenant’s happier and most tenants live in fear of getting kicked out. They were expecting an N 12 letter, right? They were expecting the landlord to say, here’s your notice I’m selling the property. You’ve got to go because so many investors want to buy a vacant property. So to find a tenant who survived not getting that N 12 notification where they’ve got to move, so they’re living there wondering if you bought it and your owner occupying and have to kick them out or wondering if you want to kick ’em out so you can rehab it. They know their rent is low, and when you have those two months go by where they’re paying the same rent, you’ve done repairs and then you sit down to have a conversation with them, their stress level is so low that the conversation goes a lot better than if you tried to do it in that first week where you’re giving a landlord introduction letter where a lot of people focus on here’s how I like to be paid.

Dion:
And that to me I think is kind of a mistake. The landlord introduction letter should start with, here’s how I like to be communicated with. Here’s my contact information. I use handyman and contractors for repairs. When you’re giving the letter, you can also put at the bottom and say, here’s the date that the sale closed on. Make sure you don’t pay the previous landlord if you do go to pay your rent, here’s the version the way that I like to have rent paid, so you can talk about it. I just wouldn’t start with it. And when you’re getting the estoppel or giving the landlord introduction letter, the things that are missed is how many times have you gone to your tenants when you buy a property or people that are thinking of doing this and gotten a copy, a picture of their id, you have people fill out a form and sign a form, but you don’t know who they are.

Dion:
So I get a photocopy, I take a picture with my phone of their driver’s license or their id and the one that has saved me twice now in a decade get emergency contact information. This seems odd as a landlord to want emergency contact information, but I closed on a property and that’s our most nervous time as an investor when we just closed on a property and there’s tenants in place. What if I just bought a six month eviction that’s been going on for six months and now starts again with me? So you want to make sure your communication goes well. And in that first week, I couldn’t get a response from the tenant, wouldn’t answer the door, wouldn’t answer the phone number that I had, the email didn’t work, and so I go to the emergency contact and they find out, oh yeah, they’re at a convention, they’ll be back on Tuesday or something, and just that little thing took away all my stress of this tenant is ghosting me to, oh, they’re on a trip. I’ll solve everything next week. When they get back with that transition going, well, I’ve get emergency contact, get a copy of their photo when you can of their id when you can try to see the situation from the tenant side. Have you ever been a renter and had your property sold? People say it was sold out from under me. That doesn’t sound good. It can be a good thing if a new owner comes in and actually starts taking care of things and your opinion matters to them.

Tony:
Yeah, Deanna, it’s a complete 180 I think from how a lot of real estate investors go about building that relationship and it’s almost like there’s the Gary Vaynerchuk book, what is it? Punch Punch or Jab, jab Hook, whatever it’s called, but it’s like you give a lot of value first and then there’s the big ask, but because you built up that goodwill, people are more receptive to it and it’s almost like say you get hired for a job and they love you during the interview process and on day one you go in and ask for a raise, it’s like you haven’t even proven yourself yet, but you’re asking for more money. It is kind of a similar thing. So I love the idea of giving a lot of value first and then going in for the ask. Now, Deanna, I know you mentioned earlier about your tenants ask you to increase the rents on them. So you briefly mentioned the binder strategy. I guess if you can break down from folks who didn’t listen to your first episode, what is the binder strategy and why is that such an important thing I guess to follow as you’re onboarding a new tenant?

Dion:
So I present the binder, which I actually have one here that I did recently.

Tony:
Yeah, so make sure you’re watching on YouTube so you can actually see the physical binder that Dion’s holding up right now. The Goodall three ring binder,

Dion:
And this can be done through the mail. So when I do this with section eight, I don’t go take a binder to the housing authority. I actually do this through email too, but it looks almost exactly like this with screenshots and you do exactly what Ashley did. You’re going to educate them and say, Hey, here’s some comps. There are pictures in here of the rentals in the area that are the same bedroom count. The front page is a picture of the property from Zillow or Redfin that has the current estimated value and you share with the tenant your rent made sense to the previous owner or when my taxes and insurance were based on the previous value, but do you see what the current value is? That’s what my taxes and insurance are based on now, and here’s the area average. If you had to move, this is what the rentals will go for because a lot of tenants, maybe they haven’t looked at rentals in a while, they don’t realize how much rents have gone up.

Dion:
Tenants do not care about your expenses, and I can prove it. If we had a property that was paid off and we had a property with a mortgage and we were in the same market and we wanted to rent them out, we would rent them for the same amount. The tenants don’t know that you have a mortgage and don’t care. They don’t care about your property taxes, your insurance. The reason I show ’em the binder with that information on here is because it shows transparency. You can literally open up a web browser, go to Zillow and see exactly what I’m showing you here. You can go to apartments.com or Craigslist or Facebook marketplace, wherever I got these screenshots from, and you could find these same rentals to verify what I’m showing. And then here’s the magic. When you send the email, the last line or when you hand the binder over the last sentence is what rent do you think is fair?

Dion:
Because what tenant, especially one living in fair of their property being sold out from under them has ever been included in the conversation of setting their rents. So to the point of no, I’ve never had one say, I can’t pay the rent we are now, I want it to go down. It’s possible because it’s an ongoing conversation that they suggest too small of an increase, right? They say, well, let’s go $50 and I wanted 200 because they’re 600 off of the area average or whatever. Well, you can draw this on paper or I can do it in the air with my hands. I can say, here’s where you’re at currently with rents. Here’s where area average is. The amount that you suggested does seem really fair to you, but you see how far off it is from what would be fair for me. And then I’ve had them suggest a higher amount that’s as close as I’ve come to somebody having a disagreement with it.

Dion:
What’s most common is, and I literally got this text and just did a post. This is from somebody who watches my content. They said, okay, now I’m just going to read this text right off the screen. Just did the binder strategy with unit C, who was paying $950 a month including water and trash. That was the current rent. When they closed, tenant asked for rent to go to 1950. We agreed on 1900 plus water and trash. So the tenant suggested a new amount. The owners brought it down $50 to adjust the water and trash. They were so happy when we said the first payment on this new rate won’t happen until October. They teared up. We all left the meeting feeling light and great, thank you for your guidance and help. The idea is a massive increase to the rent where the landlord, if you suggested a $50 increase is a jerk.

Dion:
That tenant basically doubled their rent because they saw how good their deal was. They saw the area average rents, like Ashley said, they know I have to pay a deposit, I have to move before I even get my deposit back. Now they have happy tenants. The rent isn’t at area average. The tenant didn’t suggest to go what they probably found as 23 or 2,400 as area average, but they more than split the difference. And you have happy people on both sides. And the main reason for me is, and this is a marketing tactic, and the idea is if you’re marketing something, you have to tell people what you get out of it. If they don’t know what you’re getting out of it, they’re going to assume that it’s a scam that’s worse than what the reality is. So with rentals, I say, look, I don’t want to displace you.

Dion:
The best outcome would be if you move, I get area average rents, but I then have to rehab the place, update the thing, find a tenant, do all this extra work. I don’t want to displace you and I don’t want to do that. So what do you think is fair? I’m actually showing what I get out of it is I get to keep you in place. I’ve already shown you I fix and update things that it needed to be done, but I’m not going to rip out and put in new cabinets or put in all new flooring while you’re here. I might have to do that if you move out. So it makes my life easier and you get to stay in your place. So it makes that transition to the new ownership easier for me. Money-wise, easier for me. Time-wise takes a lot of the stress off of the tenant and I mean this is probably to me the thing that makes it easier to find cash flowing rentals on the MLS, but it’s all of the other things that makes retiring off rentals for me possible, right?

Dion:
Because David Green recently put out a post on Instagram saying replacing your W2 with cashflow from rentals is a terrible idea. Changed my mind. And he talked about $5,000 in income from your job and $5,000 in income from your rentals being totally different. And he’s right. Rentals can be as complicated or as simple as we make it, and for me it’s finding the ways targeting the properties before I even buy them to make the investing simple so that it’s easier for me because it has to be easy and don’t take this wrong. If I had to be good at investing, I would quit. What I have to be is average and do it for a long period of time. I didn’t invest to create another job, so I wanted properties that would keep tenant turnover low. The binder strategy helps with that. And then I have systems in place.

Dion:
One of the last things I’ll do when I purchased a property with tenants in place, and this is missed by a lot of people because there’s already existing tenants, is contact the utility companies and put in place what is called a landlord policy. So if this tenant ever moves out or ends their lease and moves out, water doesn’t get shut off and I don’t have a water heater burn itself in the winter or I don’t have a pipe freezer or a leak that runs forever or something. There’s power on when handyman or maybe me too lazy to do it, but handyman or contractor goes there to actually fix or do something since there’s a tenant turnover going on and getting that landlord policy in place on the utilities gives me more peace of mind so that in the future, 2, 4, 6 years from now when something changes, it’s already set up.

Ashley:
Dion, during this whole negotiation with the residents, are you actually doing this in person, this conversation? Is it happening through mail, email, text, phone calls, and what is your recommendation of how to actually present the binder strategy and then how to negotiate from there? That’s

Dion:
A great question and I want to present it from my perspective, right? So six years in the Marine Corps, eight years in law enforcement, I’m comfortable being alone with tenants in their house. Not everybody should feel that way. Not everybody has situational awareness. Maybe you don’t want to do it at their house. So I would have a meeting at a public place to have the binder strategy. I’ve done this in restaurants, especially if it was a tenant who has a weird schedule, but it was easier to just meet at a specific time at a restaurant. I’d like to do it in the place to see, it’s a possibility to see what the inside looks like, but meet publicly. If you’re not comfortable with that, I prefer to do it in person with the binder because there’s a nuance to conversation. If you’re going to do it, you could do it through Zoom.

Dion:
I have a gentleman and his mom who moved to Guam and they’re on a contract. We did their binder renewal while they’re in Guam to do this through Zoom. Email works for section eight especially because what you want to do is do the work for the section eight counselor and with section eight I’ll actually have one of the pages in here is right off fair market rents what section eight, we’ll pay for that bedroom count in that county and section eight has, you can just Google fair Market rents and go on there. It actually the information for next year ask to come out by October. And ironically 2025 data is already out. So you can see what Section eight is doing next year.

Ashley:
Stay tuned after one final break for more on how you can set up your investment property for success.

Tony:
All right, thanks for sticking with this guys. Let’s get back into it. I guess what I want to know from you, Dion is looking long-term, what strategies should an investor consider for tenant retention or just transitioning to new tenants in general?

Dion:
I like tenant retention mathematically. Sometimes tenant turnover is the best thing and every time I sign a lease with a tenant, I own small multifamily, right? I don’t have a huge portfolio. I’m at 18 units now. I retired in 22 with 16 units, produces a little over 200. In 22, it was $204,000 in profit from 16 rental units. So I have a small portfolio with the right amount of cashflow, it takes me about 50,000 a year to live. So I’m not looking to continue to grow the portfolio. It will slowly grow as cash piles up, but my goal is to keep tenants in place long term even though the first conversation I have with tenants, as I say, you shouldn’t be renting, this is a duplex you’re living in. Did you know that you can buy one of these with the same loan you would go and buy a house with and then you can rent out the other side and reduce how much you’re spending.

Dion:
And I’ve had that conversation with every tenant for over a decade now, two tenants in that decade have purchased houses. Nobody’s bought a duplex matter how many times I tried to say that this is what it can do to you. They’ve bought houses. One was fairly recently. And so coming in with that, letting the tenants know, look, I would rather you got on the property ladder and proved your life than if I had a tenant. Starts the relationship off on such a positive note that I have tenants for the longest one is the tenant was in the property 26 years when I bought it, I bought it in 2016. They’re still there.

Dion:
My goal is that the tenants are there as long as I own the property, even though sometimes a tenant turnover would mean I could new cabinets, new flooring, spend 10 grand and add a bunch to their, I had a tenant move out this one where they bought a house, I had a closet. One bedroom becomes a two bedroom. I go from one bedroom rents to two bedroom. I was never going to do that while they were living there. How rude would that be to come in, I’ve improved your place, something you didn’t need or ask for, so your rent’s going to go up a thousand dollars a month, that would be terrible. But if they move out and I now have a two bedroom and I rent it for a thousand dollars a month more than it was before, it was like $800 a month more. Actually that’s okay with me. I’ll handle that tenant turnover for that big of an increase to rents.

Ashley:
Let’s go with the scenario of, because we actually had this happen where somebody has literally lived there since the property was built in 2002 and the only tenant that has been in this property the whole time, and they recently asked to have the unit painted, but they didn’t want to have to move their furniture away from the walls for the painter to come in. They wanted us to provide somebody or have the painters come and move their furniture, put their furniture back because we offered to pay for the painting. There was a couple other things they wanted done and they are still paying market rent because we’ve renovated all the other units. So they are not even close to paying what that is. And so we did say there would be a small increase in your rent because everybody else that has a new apartment pays more and they actually declined because they didn’t want that small increase, but they also didn’t want to move their furniture. So what is your advice for those gray areas and those situations that come up where you are trying to provide a solution but the tenant doesn’t agree and just ends up staying where they are. But also I feel like I do feel guilty as to like, well yeah, you’ve been a great tenant, you’ve always paid on time for the last 12 years, actually longer than that, 22 years and now you, we’d love to do something for you, but kind of like the ask just doesn’t work out.

Dion:
Please, please take this in the light. That’s incentive. I’m trying to help you, right? I watch you all the time. I have a ton of respect for you. But when you said something earlier about you had the tenant in place for six years and didn’t raise the rent, imagine the precedents you sent with that tenant that any increase going forward is a change. So you’ve had this tenant in for 22 years. They are below area average rents. They might be a good use of the binder strategy to explain why their rent might need to go up again, they don’t care about your expenses.

Ashley:
Well, to be clear, this one has had an increase, I think every, it’s an apartment complex so it doesn’t increase every two years, but small incremental increases. But all the renovated ones have been listed once. They’ve been renovated for a lot more. So she is used to an increase I guess on this case. Yeah.

Dion:
Okay. Right. No, I like it. So as a landlord that’s had it that long, I think I have repainted places with tenants in place and it’s not very easy. I have a hack for this. I also have a hack for if you have an issue where the place like you have a plumbing issue where they can’t take a shower for a day or two. I’ve heard a lot of people say, well, I put my tenant my first time I did it. I put my tenants in a hotel until this situation was resolved. This is an ongoing conversation where you’re trying to solve the problem. These are the ways to do it. The last time I had this issue, I did a gym membership for the tenant for one month. So it cost me a little more a subscription, but just one month gym membership. And I said, Hey look, while they’re fixing, because it’s a one bathroom unit while they’re doing this, you can’t take a shower for a couple of days, but here’s a gym membership so you can go take a shower. Tenant was happy. So you can negotiate those kinds of things.

Ashley:
That’s a great idea. Yeah, because done that, we set up tenants in hotels for different issues. But yeah, that’s a really good idea.

Dion:
Thank you. And so a lot of people, we think in landlord terms of if I’m going to have work done, I have a contractor, if it’s handyman work, they’re going to fix some trim or something. I go to Thumbtack and I hire a handyman. If it’s plumbing, I want a license plumber, I want to get the permits done. If it’s electricity, I want electrician. If it’s a roofer, I want to make sure it’s a roofing company that has roofing insurance. But when we’re looking at something like paint the normal go-to would be, well, how much would the painter charge to move furniture? Now think of the painting contractor that has the painters that their shoulders hurt because they’re painting all day and they say, Hey, can you move this couch? Can you move the fridge? Can you do this? Versus here’s my hack for when I paint or do work requires that two guys and a truck, if you ever go to move, because I house hack and I’m way too lazy to move my own stuff.

Dion:
I like to go to work and come home and all my stuff is in the new place whenever I do that. But you go online and you look up your local delivery company of two guys in a truck. I wouldn’t use the big nationwide ones. I think they’re called College Hunks or something else like that. But find your local one where it’s two people or five people that have little box trucks and they move people for a fee. They rent two guys and a truck for somewhere between 90 and the high end, 150 bucks an hour. And you say, I want to hire you guys to do a move. You’re going to come in the morning and you’re going to move everything away from the walls and you’re going to come back in the afternoon, you’re going to move everything back, or you’re going to come back the next day and move it all back.

Dion:
You’re going to charge me your hourly rate. You might get a trip charge if they have to come twice, but a few hundred dollars to have that problem solved so that the painting can be done without painting the two or $3,000 that a painter’s going to tack onto a big job if they’re workers that they know, they’re going to have to handle the emotional outcry of a worker having to do more work than what’s expected of a painter. Because I’ve seen massive things like a stairwell off by four inches and there’s a sign on the wall saying, painter will fix it. Don’t mess with the painters. They’re going to charge you a ton. But if you’re going to have that issue, that’s my hack for almost any major work that you need done. Find your two guys in a truck that are local to your area and develop a relationship with them.

Dion:
Use them for when you move, recommend them to your friends. But use that for if you’re going to do, because I’ve got a tenant purchased it, they had carpet in place and the carpet was seven or eight years old and they wanted new flooring. And my original response is, I’ll totally put LVP, I put LVP everywhere I own and once it’s vacant, but with you living here, it’d be really hard. You would have to move all of your furniture. And she says, I just can’t do that. And this is where a couple months later, I thought I had to move me. Maybe they can move her twice. And so they just moved all her stuff so the phone could be done, moved all her stuff back. So it would work for painting exactly the same.

Ashley:
Yeah, and we kind of did something offer the tenant, but I think where we messed up is we offered the tenant, here are some people you can contact, like moving companies or we have a disposal company we work with that would move stuff, but we gave them their information to contact. So maybe just spending the couple hundred dollars to have us pay for it and set it up would’ve been more valuable than giving the information to them and just the inconvenience to them of having to call and set out. The only thing that I would be curious about as to how that works out with insurance and liability as far as our insurance company doesn’t cover any of the tenant’s personal belonging. So if something did happen during the moving process as to how, if we hired the company, if there would be any pushback on us, if for some reason their insurance didn’t cover the tenants things because we were the one.

Ashley:
So that would be the only piece I would be actually curious about. But I think my mistake there was not trying taking the time to figure that out and that we should have provided that service for the couple hundred dollars you’re saying it would’ve cost to actually have the painting done. So cool. Yeah, see, I always learn new things on these episodes and that’s how I love having the guests on. It’s definitely an advantage to being one of the hosts on the Real Estate Rookie podcast, so I love it. But Dion, thank you so much for coming on today and for sharing your experience and for sharing your advice on the binder strategy. Everyone has learned so much today and hopefully they’ll be able to also send you a message letting you know that they put the binder strategy into effect and have had an amazing experience keeping those tenants in place.

Ashley:
So if you want to learn more about Dion, you can go to our show notes and we’ll have his information linked there. Make sure you visit biggerpockets.com/leases if you would like to find a lease agreement to use for your new tenant for the property you’re acquiring, or maybe you just want to update your current leases in place. I’m Ashley, and he’s Tony. Thank you guys so much for watching listening. Whether you’re on your favorite podcast platform or on YouTube, make sure to like, subscribe or leave us a review on your favorite podcast platform. We’ll see you guys next time on Real Estate Rookie.

Help Us Out!

Help us reach new listeners on iTunes by leaving us a rating and review! It takes just 30 seconds and instructions can be found here. Thanks! We really appreciate it!

In This Episode We Cover:

  • How to ensure that your best tenants stay at your rental property long-term
  • How to get tenants to ask for a rent increase with the “binder strategy”
  • The agreement you MUST have in place when inheriting tenants
  • How to properly vet tenants before offering them a lease renewal
  • Retention versus turnover (and when it’s time to let a tenant go)
  • What you should know before raising rents on Section 8 tenants
  • And So Much More!

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Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

BiggerNews: 2 Real Estate Markets That PROVE Cash Flow Is Alive in 2024

Cash flow is hard to find in 2024, but these real estate markets have plenty of it. Since so many previously “cash-flowing” markets have seen rising prices, higher expenses, and limited housing inventory, we went back to the drawing board to reevaluate which markets in the United States offer the most cash flow potential. Today, we share these markets and hone in on two specific ones with real-life on-market examples to prove that cash flow is still possible.

But before we get into that, we’re sharing the cash flow formula even beginners can use to quickly calculate whether a rental property will cash flow. Then, we describe what type of cash-on-cash return WE target in today’s market and list some of the most cash-flowing markets of 2024.

Want to see real cash-flowing rental property examples? We’re hopping over to BiggerPockets Deal Finder as we quickly analyze two separate rental properties in two cash-flowing markets to prove that these properties do sport some serious cash flow. Don’t believe us? Head over to BiggerPockets Market Finder, where you can see the nation’s top rent-to-price investing areas (that’s where the cash flow is!).

Click here to listen on Apple Podcasts.

Listen to the Podcast Here

Read the Transcript Here

Dave:
If you’ve been analyzing deals or trying to get into the real estate game for the last year or two, you already know this, but I’m gonna say it anyway, strong cash flow is getting harder and harder to find. And a lot of people are saying that the 1% rule is dead, or that it’s just impossible to find cash flow today. But harder doesn’t mean impossible. And today we’re gonna prove it to you with real markets, real deals and real numbers. I promise you all great deals do exist. You just need to know where to find them.

Dave:
Hey everyone, it’s Dave, it’s Friday, which means it’s time for bigger news. And we’ve got a great one lined up for you today. My friend and on the market co-host Henry Washington, is here to talk about the best markets for finding cash flowing deals right now. And we’re actually not just gonna talk about what markets are great, but we’re gonna actually analyze real deals from the MLS in the markets that we’re talking about. So you can see what kind of returns you can expect. Henry, man, it’s good to have you back on the show. Thanks for being here.

Henry:
Hey man, thanks for having me. You know, I love doing shows where we’re talking about finding good deals. That’s my jam.

Dave:
Yes. Well, we have the, the, uh, expert in the house. So thank you and I do wanna hear what you’ve been up to recently. And in order to do that, we’re actually trying something new. Everyone after this episode records, Henry and I are gonna record an after show. It’s gonna be exclusively on our YouTube channel where we just casually talk about what he and I have been up to in our portfolio. ’cause we don’t always have time for that on these shows, but we think it’s gonna be helpful for you to just see the challenges, the successes that Henry and I are both having in our real estate investing. So if you’re listening to this, go check out the YouTube channel and check out our new, uh, idea that we’re testing out the after show.

Henry:
Yeah, it’s cool. So guys, I just snagged a couple of cool deals that I want to talk about, so that’ll be fun.

Dave:
Oh, I’m very interested to hear more about this. I’m having the opposite, uh, right now. . So at least we’ll hear some successes from you . Great,

Henry:
Great. Well on this show we are gonna talk about which metrics investors should use to project future cash flow. We’ll also talk about what regions pop when you start running the numbers and seeing where you can actually get some cash flow and which markets in those regions are our top picks for cash flow right now.

Dave:
Awesome. This is gonna be a lot of fun. Before we get into it, I should just correct something. I said that after show that we’re filming, it’s happening, but it’s not coming out till next Tuesday. So I know you all are gonna be waiting all weekend furiously refreshing your set, your alarms, set your alarms for Tuesday because you could hear more of me and Henry on the BiggerPockets YouTube channel. But with that, let’s get into our episode today talking about cashflow markets. All right, Henry, so today we’re obviously talking cashflow, but before we get into specific markets and the specific deals, let’s just define the term for anyone who’s new to real estate investing. When we talk about cashflow for property, how do you think about and calculate cashflow?

Henry:
Uh, isn’t cashflow just any money that’s more than the mortgage payment?

Dave:
Oh yeah. All you gotta do is you just take your rent, you subtract your biggest expense, and then just ignore all the other expenses. You don’t need to think about them.

Henry:
Absolutely . Absolutely. Yeah. So when we talk about cash flow, what we’re really saying is net cash flow. That is what you net after all of your expenses. And a lot of investors like to leave off certain expenses to kind of make the numbers work. Mm-Hmm, . But the truth of the matter is, in this market that is very difficult to do because people, everybody thinks, oh, well interest rates are higher. So it’s hard to cash flow, unfortunately. It’s not just interest rates now that are higher. So when you are calculating your net cash flow, you take your total rent amount for the month, you subtract your debt service. So that’s your mortgage, uh, your mortgage payment, and whatever your interest is, you also need to subtract your expenses. And we’re talking all expenses. And these are gonna vary based on your market, but one expense people always forget about is vacancy, right?

Henry:
Mm-Hmm. . Because you’re never going to have your place a hundred percent full all the time. It will be vacant, there will be turnover. And so in order to calculate this correctly, you need to understand what vacancy rates are in your market. You can get this by doing a little research yourself. You can get this by talking to an investor friendly real estate agent. I’d urge you to talk to several of them to make sure that the data is accurate. So you subtract your vacancy, you subtract your maintenance, everybody knows about maintenance, right? Normal wear and tear things are gonna break. Um, we typically do about 5%. If it’s an older house, we’ll do a little higher. We may do eight to 10%, uh, for vacancy.

Dave:
When Henry says five to 8% you’re talking about of rent, right? Yes. Like you take five to 8% of your revenue and set that aside, uh, as an an expense. Even if you don’t need it every month, you just put it on the side.

Henry:
We have a rental expenses account that we automatically set up draws to come out of our rental income account every month based on those percentages. So we didn’t have to think about it. And then if we need it, great. If we don’t, it’s there. So five to 8%, depending on the age and how much maintenance you think it’s gonna need. And then capital expenses because there are things that just go bad over time. HVACs don’t last forever. Water heaters don’t last forever. Roofs don’t last forever. They’re big capital expenses. You need to be budgeting a little bit every month for when they do fail. You can’t afford to replace them. So you got your capital expenses and then you have to budget for property management. Even if you are managing properties yourself.

Dave:
Yes.

Henry:
Because you may think, I’m never hiring a property manager. And then you grow your business or something terrible happens and you’re like, you know what? Property management isn’t for me and you want to turn your portfolio over to a property manager and you didn’t budget for it. Well, all your cash flow gets eaten up by this new 10% expense you have to pay. So budget, 10% property management when you’re doing your cash flow. So then make sure that your insurance budget is accurate because insurance has gone up over time. If you have been investing for a year or two now and you haven’t adjusted what you’re budgeting for your insurance, you need to take a look at it because they have gone up over the past year and you wanna make sure that that’s accurate. And so your cash flow for this very long-winded answer, your net cash flow is what is left from the rent every month after you subtract all of these things.

Dave:
Well said, Henry, thank you for putting it so clearly and actually using the right metrics and the right categories here for expenses. I, it just makes me so mad, honestly, seeing people on social media, honestly being like, I get a 10% cash on cash return. I get a 15% cash on cash return. And you ask what expenses they’re taking out. They’re like principal insurance, taxes and maybe maintenance. But there are things like vacancy, property management turnover costs for when you eventually do have to do it, do. And when we talk about cashflow during the, for the remainder of this episode and for the future of this podcast, we are talking about underwriting using all of these categories. And this, some people may say that you’re being overly conservative. Fine, I’m fine with that. Yeah, exactly. Like I would rather invest in a deal that has a 5% cash on cash return that is underwritten with all the things you just said it than just pretend that I’m gonna get a 12% cash on cash return and hope that everything goes extremely well.

Dave:
So just keep that in mind as we’re talking about this, that we’re talking about fundamentally sound conservative underwriting so that the cash on cash return that you get at the end of this analysis is hopefully the worst case scenario, right? Like that’s how I always think about is like if I’m looking at 5%, that’s if everything goes wrong, hopefully not everything’s gonna go wrong, I get eight, nine, 10% cash on cash return. But I think that can be confusing for people when you see other educators in the real estate space talking about these massive numbers that maybe aren’t underwritten with the same degree of scrutiny.

Henry:
And to be fair to people, like you could be a little wishy-washy about your numbers two, three years ago, right? Because values were going up so high, insurance wasn’t as high, taxes weren’t as high interest rates weren’t as high and rents were going up. So you could underwrite a deal, miss a couple of these expenses and look at the end of the month and still say, man, I made some good cash flow. You probably did.

Dave:
Yeah, , but it’s

Henry:
Not like that anymore. You really this, this, this new market with the interest rates and the taxes and the insurance all being higher, it will eat your lunch if you are not prepared. And if you’re a new investor who doesn’t have other cash flow properties helping to carry a portfolio, or you’re not sitting on cash reserves that you can use to fund your portfolio, when you miss one of these, uh, expenses, then you’re gonna find yourself in a world of hurt. It’s really the new investors who don’t have that cushion yet. Mm-Hmm, that really, really need to pay attention to this episode.

Dave:
That’s such a good point. I, uh, yeah, I’ll talk about this more when we catch up later, but I had this, uh, rough week as a, as a property manager, but it was okay because I’ve owned this property forever. So the cash reserves have just like, you know, built up a lot over time. So I’m fine, like I had cash reserves for it, but if you’re brand new to it and you hadn’t allocated for some of the things I’ve gone through in the last week, you’d be in a a, a tough uh, situation. Alright, time for a break, but we’ll be back shortly. Thanks for sticking with us. We’re back with bigger news. Okay. So we’re going to get into our list of top markets and then actually analyze some deals in those markets just to show you what type of returns you can expect. But before we do that, Henry, let me just ask you, what type of cash on cash returns do you normally look for?

Henry:
Yeah, I mean, obviously a 10% cash on cash return is great. I’d love to underwrite it and see a 10% cash on cash return. That doesn’t always happen, quite frankly. It’s, uh, pretty rare that I’ll see them. Now, if you’re truly underwriting deals properly, like we just talked about, um, we’re typically seeing somewhere near half of that. And I’m okay with that right now.

Dave:
Mm-Hmm,

Henry:
For a couple of reasons, right? Again, guys, I am a seasoned investor, which means yes, I want cash flow, but there’s other parts of how real estate pays you that are important to me as well because of the tax benefits. Because how much equity am I walking into on day one? There’s other things that I’m also looking for, but um, sure, I’d like to underwrite it at a 10% cash on cash return, but typically we’re seeing probably closer to five.

Dave:
Yeah.

Henry:
Six. And I like those deals. Those are solid deals. ’cause that’s telling me that in the worst case scenario, this property is paying for itself, uh, and still paying me a little bit of money every month. And, uh, given all of the factors working against me right now, I think that’s pretty solid.

Dave:
Totally. I don’t wanna go on a whole resource allocation tangent here, but it really, you have to think about how you’re allocating your money. And a five or 6% cash on cash return is so much better than any cash that you can get anywhere else. Mm-Hmm. even a, a high yield savings account, they’re at 5% right now. Probably this week in the middle of, you know, Fed’s gonna cut rates, that means savings account rates are gonna go down. So you know, you’re getting 4% there, bonds aren’t as good. So you are getting better cash than you can get in pretty much any other type of investment asset. Plus the amortization, the appreciation, the tax benefits. And so, like to me, that’s still a great deal. And again, we’re underwriting these deals that that is the worst case scenario that you’re gonna get for the deal.

Dave:
So just keep that all in mind as as we are, uh, talking about this deal. All right, let’s start talking about, uh, just some of the ways that we look for cash flow. So you’ve probably all heard this term or this metric, the RTP or rent to price ratio, if you’ve heard of the 1% rule that is applying this metric called the rent to price ratio. And it’s basically this very frankly, pretty crude metric that looks and helps you estimate cash flow. It basically looks at how much a property costs and compares that to how much rent that you can generate from it. And when you divide one month of rent by the purchase price of a property, the closer you are to 1% the better. If you’re above 1%, that’s generally seen as really great. Now, I don’t know about you, Henry, but I gave up on the 1% rule a long time ago. Is it so something that you think about?

Henry:
I’ve never used it as a hard and fast rule. For me, it’s always just been a, a rule of thumb or a measuring stick to know if I’m actually considering or looking at a what could be a good deal?

Dave:
Mm-Hmm. .

Henry:
If I get a lead in my inbox and I do some quick math and go, well, if I rent it for this and if I buy it for this, will I hit 1%? Yeah. Then I know that I can pursue that deal and then I’m gonna try to get it cheaper than that so that I can get more than 1%. But I’ve never thought, oh, well it hit 1%, I’m buying it. That’s not what it, that’s it’s not a hard and fast rule for me. It’s always just been a measuring stick to know, am I looking at what could potentially be a good deal here?

Dave:
Yeah, that’s a perfect way to put it. I I think it’s a good way to compare two similar assets, right? So if you are looking at, in the same neighborhood where taxes and insurance are likely to be the same and two different properties, one’s better, you know, one has a higher enterprise ratio than the other, you can say, okay, this one probably is gonna generate more cash flow. Or if you’re doing, comparing markets, for example, that one, it works as a proxy, but it, it’s not a be all end all because, you know, different markets, like you might have a really high rent to price ratio in Texas. Texas has some of the highest property taxes in the country. Mm-Hmm. It has really high insurance costs right now. So those are things that you obviously have to factor in as well. But it still can be useful. It’s like as long as you take it with a grain of salt, uh, it’s still useful. But I also just think the 1% rule at this point in the investing cycle does more harm than good because Right, because more people are saying like, oh, I can’t find a deal that’s 1% rule, I’m not gonna get into real estate. You’re like, well, the deal at 0.8 or 0.9 is still better than anything else that you would do with your money. So you should probably reconsider that rule a little

Henry:
Bit. I agree.

Dave:
Anyway, I wanted to talk about rent to price because just to help people understand where regionally in the country cashflow is generally easier to find. You find the highest rent to price ratios right now in the Midwest. Uh, so you look at places like Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, those places tend to have better rent to price ratio. It’s been like that in the southeast a lot, but Southeast has gotten more expensive over the last couple years. But I still think, I mean, you know better than me, I still think there are places there that offer cashflow in the southeast

Henry:
When I was doing research for this show, uh, it’s pretty much you just draw a circle around the Great Lakes. It’s like the, it’s like, you know, they have lake effect snow, you have lake effect cash flow, . That’s what, that’s what, that’s where you get it right now. , that

Dave:
Is such a good term. You should, you should trademark that Lake Effect. Cash flow is great. . Yeah, you definitely see a place like Milwaukee or a lot of Ohio or Michigan.

Henry:
There’s like a sweet spot right in between Milwaukee and Chicago where it’s like cashflow heaven.

Dave:
Yeah, it’s great. And just so everyone knows, like there’s usually trade offs. A lot of places that offer the best cash flow don’t appreciate as much right now. A lot of those markets are appreciating, but historically that relationship does exist. Um, I will just tell you that I did put out a list of top cashflow markets earlier this year, and they’re not all in the northeast. ’cause I did sort of some other metrics other than rent to price ratio. I looked at job growth, population growth, and number one was in the Great Lakes. It does have lake effect cash flow in Peoria, Illinois. Uh, but then you see places like Shreveport, Louisiana, which I know our colleague, uh, Tony Robinson on the rookie podcast is much maligned to admit he is invested in. Um, but you see places like Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which has a great economy up there, um, places like in Texas, like Lubbock, Texas, Corpus Christi, so they really can be found all over the country. But I thought it’d be fun, Henry, to just pick two markets that have decent rent to price ratios and just walk through one of the deals. Are you, uh, wanna do this?

Henry:
Dude, I’m a deal junkie. Let’s do it.

Dave:
Let’s do it. Okay. So the first one I picked, I think I picked this on, I went on the rookie show recently and it asked me to pick a market I would invest in, and I picked Pittsburgh.

Henry:
Mm-Hmm. .

Dave:
So the things that I like about Pittsburgh is one, it has a, it’s a big population, 2.4 million people. It’s growing, but the median home price is $200,000, which means that it is half the national average. So it’s super affordable, but it’s like the epicenter of the robotics industry in the United States. And so there’s a lot of really high paying good jobs. There’s great price growth, uh, and from what I read, there’s decent quality of life and quality of living. So, and just for the record, Pittsburgh’s rent to price ratio on average is about 0.7, which might sound terrible, but by rule that means of the deals in that market are better than 0.7 and half of them are worse. So I went on the BiggerPockets deal finder and just poked around for honestly two or three minutes and found this deal. It is on the market MLS, it’s a four bed, two bath, 1800 square foot house. It looks really nice. It’s like one of these brick buildings. It looks like it’s recently had a cosmetic update. Are you looking at these pictures?

Henry:
Yeah, man. No, it looks clean.

Dave:
It looks pretty nice, right?

Henry:
Like it’s ready to go.

Dave:
Yeah, it’s on sale for 1 75 and the rent estimate from the BiggerPockets deal finder is $1,737. So it’s not quite 1% , but it’s like the 0.99% rule, which is great. So when I analyze this deal, full purchase price, no rehab, paying VMs, CapEx, maintenance vacancy, everything that you said, this deal is a 5% cash on cash return.

Henry:
That’s a solid deal, bro.

Dave:
Right

Henry:
Rick? All the way around final windows and a couple of them like, it looks like this is, this is pretty solid, man.

Dave:
I know, right? So I, it got me excited because I felt like I spent almost zero time looking for this. And this is an already renovated turnkey property. Like this is one that you wouldn’t have to do any work for. If you wanted to do more work than this, you probably could get even a better cash on cash return if you’re willing to do some of the cosmetic rehab yourself.

Henry:
Oh yeah.

Dave:
So I just wanted to show you this just as an example because to me it showcases the fact that cash flowing deals on the market are absolutely still possible if you just look in the right places. Is this a kind of deal that you would see in your market, Henry? Like, could you think you could get cash on cash return, 5% turnkey, turnkey like this?

Henry:
Yeah. No, no, definitely not.

Dave:
So when you were saying 5% earlier, that’s after a little bit of work, right?

Henry:
Yes, absolutely. This is, that’s after buying value add. Like what’s cool about this deal you’re showing is this is 5% cash on cash return day one.

Dave:
Day one,

Henry:
Right? And so in my market, I’m getting 5% cash on cash return, takes me six months to renovate it. I mean, uh, three months to renovate it, another month or two to throw somebody in there. And then they’re paying rent and deposit. And so by the time that happens, you’re six months down the road before you’re actually starting to see some of the fruits of your labor.

Dave:
Yeah.

Henry:
And so this is a, a day one property. And what’s also cool about it being a day one property is you can go ahead and start getting the tax benefits because the property has to be in operation before you really get a lot of those tax benefits,

Dave:
Right? Yeah, absolutely. That’s so true. That’s a great point. And of course, there’s a benefit to doing what you were talking about in doing a rehab because you know, you’re increasing the value of the property and building equity at the same time. But if you’re the type of investor who just wants low headache, easy type of deal, like do go do this. Go buy real estate in Pittsburgh. , I don’t understand ,

Henry:
But it just, it it squashes that. ’cause everybody’s saying it, you can’t find cash flow. It’s too hard to get cash flow. You can’t find any good deals. You found one in five minutes,

Dave:
Dude, it was so easy. Yeah. And I, I started investing earlier this year in a market with a little bit of lake effect cash flow. And I’m finding these kind of deals as well. Like in my mind, the best one you can find is somewhere that has like a three to 4% cash on cash return. But after a cosmetic rehab, you can get like a seven or eight cash on cash return, which definitely exists in a lot of markets. This was just one I I picked up out of nowhere. Okay. We have to take a quick break, but I first wanted to remind you that if you’re looking for deals right now, the BiggerPockets deal finder can help. This is actually what I used when I was doing research for this show and I picked these markets and just wanted to find a deal as an example of what you could find in there. It took me just a couple of minutes to find cash flowing deals, and you can check it out by going to biggerpockets.com/deal finder. We’ll be right back. Welcome back. Let’s jump back in with Henry Washington. So the other market people tell me about a lot is Augusta, Georgia. Never been there. I just know the masters. Is there you ever been?

Henry:
No, never been. But I obviously would love to go watch the masters.

Dave:
I tried. I I put myself in the, uh, the lottery and that was like seven years ago and I’ve never heard a single peek about it. . I don’t think I’ve ever going , but it looks so fun. And apparently, have you heard this thing about the masters where the food is like extremely cheap?

Henry:
Dirt cheap? Yeah.

Dave:
Yeah. What is that? So it’s like they make you wait nine years and pay a thousand dollars for a ticket and then you get a $2 cheeseburger.

Henry:
Yeah, it’s totally worth it.

Dave:
That works. That kind of marketing works on me . So I would go . All right, so in Augusta, just a couple stats, again, I’ve never been there, so I don’t know that much about it, but I could tell you that the median home price is about 230,000. Rent to price ratio is lower at 0.6%. But something I like about it is that it’s still relatively affordable. Uh, when you, for, for the average citizen there, it’s easy to relatively easy to pay rent compared to a lot of more expensive places. It seems to have a growing economy. Population is growing low unemployment rate. So a lot of things that you look for in a city. Um, and again, at 0.6% rent to price ratio, I thought I would take a look and see if I could find a deal. So instead of spending three minutes looking for this deal, I really, I dug deep and I spent maybe seven minutes looking for this deal. Whoa. Yeah, it was pretty intense. Uh, and this one, what we got here again on the market, another four, two, it’s about 2000 square feet. It’s built in 1957, which is pretty good. I think a lot of, one of the things about the Midwest, I’ve noticed investing there is a lot of the houses are super old. Yeah.

Henry:
Like

Dave:
You find houses in the 1890s, 19 hundreds. So that comes with some, some challenges. But this place, to me, the outside exterior is nice. The inside it needs a little bit of love. So I actually went to the BiggerPockets calculator and ran the analysis. I still plan to buy it for full purchase price, which, uh, it is listed for 185,000. But I said that I was gonna spend, i I just really roughly estimated this. So take this with a grain of salt, 20,000 bucks on repairs. Mm-Hmm. . I don’t know if that, do you think that’s like a reasonable estimate? Just looking at the pictures?

Henry:
I think that might be a smidge low. I’d say this is probably a 30 K or

Dave:
Okay. 30 k know what? I’m gonna use a BiggerPockets calculator. I’m gonna just change this right now. 30 k tell me Henry, it’s listed for 180 5. If we put 30 K in, what do you think the after repair value is?

Henry:
Two 30.

Dave:
Two 30. All right. I like it. Obviously everyone, this is not how you should underwrite deals long term, but honestly this is how I do a lot of like preliminary analysis. Like if someone sends you a deal, I just use estimates, rules of thumb to see if you’re in the right ballpark and then start refining your estimates from there. So if we do this, I assume that I’m gonna be able to, uh, raise my rent a little bit. I’m gonna hit next expenses, update my analysis here. Okay, dude. So if we did this, even putting in 30 grant, this property would generate $446 a month in cashflow and for a 6.6% cash on cash return. That’s right. In your wheelhouse.

Henry:
That’s solid.

Dave:
Yeah. And in addition to that, you were improving the value of the property, so you were also gaining equity in this type of deal.

Henry:
Yeah, man.

Dave:
Now I obviously, we don’t know if this deal is exactly right. You might walk into this place and say, there’s foundation issues, there’s structural issues. This is gonna cost 70 grand, 80 grand. But my hunch is that if in seven minutes of looking on the MLS, I could find a deal that sort of makes sense just by the eyeball test that if you spent some time doing what your job is as an investor to go in and analyze and look for these deals,

Henry:
Diligence

Dave:
That you will be able to find them. Yeah, exactly. Right.

Henry:
I mean this is solid. Like this is, and to kind of echo what Dave was saying here is you, you do this eyeball test and this will tell you, you get a handful of properties like this that you can now dive deeper into and you can get somebody out there to get eyeballs on it, to walk it, to tell you the things you can’t see in pictures. And then you can select from those 3, 4, 5 properties, the one that’s actually gonna work, uh, that, that you’ve had physical or had somebody do put physical eyeballs on. And then you can make offers. And also Dave is analyzing this saying he’s going to pay what they’re asking.

Dave:
Yep.

Henry:
But guess , you don’t have to do that. . Yeah. This is as conservative underwriting as you can get. Yes. You can pay less than they’re asking. I tell people all the time, like, what if I told you that every deal cash flows, every single one cash flows at the price that it cash flows at for you . Like you can make whatever offer you want. You don’t have to pay what they’re asking.

Dave:
Yeah, exactly. That’s, that is the whole job, right? Like we’re just showing you that there’s opportunity. You as the investor have to go and figure out and sort of design the deal in a way that works for you and for some people that might be offering less. For some people that might be maybe looking at a property that’s not as in good as condition. Like the property I picked in Pittsburgh was like turnkey. That place was nice. If you want higher cash flow, uh, you might need find something that needs some work. Uh, or maybe you go the opposite direction. If you just wanna break even, you just find something that’s even nicer. But it’s totally up to you. I think my goal is I looked at these two markets and I said, what kind of deals would I personally just given my preferences, my investing style, what would I look for in these markets? And I was able to find deals like instantly. And these aren’t just two markets in the whole country. There’s has to be dozens of them. If these two that I sort of just picked based on some analysis, but they weren’t the only two options I had,

Henry:
I can hear it already. People are like, yeah, but I don’t live there. Right? Mm-Hmm. And so I get that you don’t live there, there are trade offs, right? So if you don’t live there, but you want to find a market that has cash flow, congratulations. These are some markets that have cash flow. The trade off is you’ve got to do the hard work to build a team in that market to help you get your deals to the numbers you’re looking for. So if you’re gonna, like for example, if you’re gonna buy this deal in Augusta, Georgia, well you’re gonna have to do the hard work to find the contractor that’s gonna do the work. Mm-Hmm. , you’re gonna have to do the hard work to find the property manager’s gonna manage the property for you. Right? It’s not as easy as if you could do it with people who are in your backyard.

Henry:
You’re right, it is gonna be a little harder, but not impossible. There are people who invest out of state every day. There are people who own properties outta state who’ve never seen them. If they can do it, you can do it too. It does take more work if you live in one of these places. Congratulations. You probably already know everything we’re talking about with these markets, right? . Yeah. Like, uh, uh, and, and so that’s just, that’s just part of it, right? But there are tools that are, that can help you do this. There’s technology that can help you do this and there’s good old fashioned buy a plane ticket and carry your butt over there that can help you do this too.

Dave:
Yeah, absolutely. And if you are one of those people who don’t wanna invest out of state, I would question why, first of all. But then second of all, it’s to say if you don’t, that’s fine. You should just invest where you live locally, but you’re probably not gonna get as good cash flow. Like if you live in a place like Los Angeles, like it’s just gonna be very difficult. There’s still ways to invest in real estate, but you’re probably gonna be investing for equity

Henry:
Yeah.

Dave:
In that market by doing flips or burrs or something like that. The topic of this show is cash flow. And the reality of the market right now is that unless you wanna do heavy rehab or maybe an owner-occupied strategy like house hacking in really expensive markets, it is going to be hard to find cash flow. Absolutely. Like that is gonna be very, very difficult. So your options are to not invest for cash flow. And that doesn’t mean that they have to be risky strategies. You just have to use other strategies or consider investing in some of these markets like the ones that we’re talking about here. So last question here, Henry, before we, we go, once you find these deals, you know, you’re fi making five, 6% in year one, I should say, because hopefully your cash flow is growing, uh, over time. Um, what, like what’s your philosophy about it? Do you hold onto these deals forever?

Henry:
It depends, right? So it depends on location. Let’s say you buy one of these deals and you buy it in a phenomenal location, right? Then that’s probably one I’m gonna look to hang onto for the long term. Let’s say I buy this deal and it’s cash flowing well, but then I realize I’m not getting the equity or the appreciation that I want over time. As I become a more seasoned investor in this market and I buy more deals, I might look to sell one of these deals to invest in a neighborhood I understand more that’s gonna get me the equity in the appreciation as you start to learn the market. So it really truly does depend on what your investing strategy and how sophisticated are you in that market. Uh, because I bought deals in my market, uh, in my first couple of years of investing that made great cash flow sense.

Henry:
But we’ve since sold because, um, the, uh, taxes have gone up Mm-Hmm. or they’re not appreciated like we want them to. And as I’ve become a more seasoned investor in my market, I know where I can find those. I’ll sell those and buy in better areas. You also have to consider your tax implications. So if you’ve bought these properties and you did a cost segregation study on that property, uh, that means you accelerated your depreciation, well then you probably have to sit on that thing, uh mm-hmm. for at least seven to 10 years, or you’re gonna end up having to pay back what you were able to write off in that depreciation in the front. So you really do have to have a strategy. What you and I have talked about this before, you need to be doing an analysis of your portfolio at, at at least on a yearly basis, but you should probably do it quarterly and just take a look at, are the properties producing the income that I underwrote them to produce? If they’re not, why are they not? And then what should I do about it if they’re not? Like, that’s something you should be asking yourself so that you’re evaluating your portfolio and you can make decisions along the way.

Dave:
Exactly. I know I’m beating a dead horse here, but it’s resource allocation, right? Like you, you might be getting great cash on a deal, but is that the best place to put your money? I don’t know. Your life changes, your, the rest of your portfolio changes. It’s like always shifting and changing. It’s not as simple to say like, I’m just gonna buy assets and hold onto them forever.

Henry:
Yeah.

Dave:
In fact, that was probably the biggest mistake I made early in my invested career as like, I bought an asset, it was going up, it was cash flowing, and I had so much equity that I could have, you know, grown way faster, but I was just so enamored by the cash flow number that I didn’t reallocate quickly enough. So just hopefully that you, everyone just continues to think about that and to look at it holistically. Cash flow is important, but it’s not the only thing that you should be looking at. And did wanna just call out something you said earlier, Henry, about depreciation and that, uh, if you do a cost seg, you need to hold onto a property longer. That’s another potential trade off with turnkey properties. Uh, you know, if you buy a, you know, a stabilized nice asset like the one I I found in Pittsburgh, you know, it’s making 5% cash on cash return.

Dave:
That’s a great cash on cash return. But the way that real estate works is the transaction costs are heavy. Mm-hmm, , right? If you’re gonna sell that, we’ll see how NAR changes things. But as of right now, you’re still paying 6% in commissions, plus marketing fees, staging, all that stuff gets you to eight, 10% transaction cost. And it takes several years of cashflow equity amortization on a stabilized deal to build up enough money to even turn a profit if you were going to sell it. So that is just something to think about. You have to hold onto those properties longer than if you did, uh, that second deal, like a value add. You can overcome some of those transaction fees by forcing appreciation. So last diatribe here. Well, Henry, thank you so much. This was a, this was a fun episode.

Henry:
Oh, this was great. This was like the fundamentals of real estate in this episode, man. Like, it seems like boring stuff, but man, this is the stuff you gotta do right, right now.

Dave:
This is, has everything you and I love is finding deals, talking data, talking numbers. This was a good one. Well, thank you so much Henry, and thank you all for listening. And again, if you wanna check out and learn more about what’s going on in Henry and my portfolio, make sure to head over the BiggerPockets YouTube channel. We’ll put a link below and that will come out this coming Tuesday for BiggerPockets. I’m Dave Meyer. He’s Henry Washington. Thanks for watching.

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In This Episode We Cover:

  • Two cities that have cash-flowing rental properties for sale RIGHT NOW
  • Precisely how to calculate cash flow for rental properties (and why most investors do this wrong)
  • The optimal cash-on-cash return we target that properties must meet before we bid on them
  • The 1% rule explained and whether or not it’s still worth using in 2024
  • When to sell a cash-flowing rental, even if it’s making you mailbox money every month
  • And So Much More!

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The Fed Finally Cuts Rates, but Will It Even Matter?

The Fed’s recent rate cut signaled something clear about the US economy, but what are they trying to say? With a bolder rate cut than many of us expected, homebuyers, business owners, and real estate investors are seeing the light at the end of the high-rate tunnel, where borrowing money and buying houses could come at a lower cost. But with markets already anticipating a rate cut, did the recent cut even really matter?

Today, Federal Reserve reporter from The New York Times, Jeanna Smialek, shares her thoughts on what the Fed move meant after studying them full-time for over a decade. Jeanna believes that the Fed feels confident, even if this recent rate cut was overdue. Inflation has seen a substantial dropoff, but on the other hand, unemployment is rising, and Americans are getting nervous. Did the Fed move fast enough?

Jeanna also shares the future rate cuts we can expect from the Fed, with more potentially coming this year and a sizable series of cuts already lined up for 2025. How significant will the cuts be, and will they be enough to stop unemployment from getting out of control? How will rent prices and home prices move due to more rate cuts? We’re answering it all in this episode!

Click here to listen on Apple Podcasts.

Listen to the Podcast Here

Read the Transcript Here

Dave:
The Fed finally did it last week. The Federal Reserve went big and they cut the baseline interest rates, the federal funds rate by half a percentage point, and most analysts expected a rate cut. The Fed basically said that they were going to do that. And if you listen to this show, you’ve probably heard us talking about this anxiously and eagerly for a couple of weeks now. But last week’s rate cut and the Fed meeting was full of new information and left me with a lot of new questions to help me answer those questions. I’m bringing on a professional fed researcher and reporter, the New York Times, Jeanna Smialek to help us answer all the many questions I am sure we all have about where the fed’s going and what’s going to happen with interest rates.
Hey everyone, welcome to On the Market. I’m Dave Meyer and my guest today, Gina Ick covers the Federal Reserve and the economy at the New York Times. She’s been doing this for more than 11 years, so she really, really understands what’s going on with the Federal Reserve. And today she and I are going to get into questions like, what does the rate cut? Tell us about how the Fed feels about the US economy and where they’re trying to steer it. Are we finally out of the woods on inflation? How long will these rate cuts take to hit the economy and will average Americans actually feel these rate cuts in terms of the broader economy, the job market, or just in their wallets? Plus, we’re going to talk about a lot more. So let’s bring on Gina. Gina, welcome to the podcast. Thanks for being here.

Jeanna:
Yeah, thanks for having me.

Dave:
Well, I’m super excited to have this conversation, at least for people in our industry and who listen to this podcast. We have been talking about the Fed and potential rate cuts for so long and they’ve finally done it. Just as a recap, at the most recent Fed meeting, September 17th and 18th, the FOMC, the board of people who make these decisions decided to cut the baseline interest rate by half a percentage point. So let’s just lay some groundwork here. Gina. How long has it been since there’s been a rate cut like this?

Jeanna:
So it’s been more than four years, so your listeners may remember that at the very start of the Coronavirus Pandemic in early 2020, the economy was crashing down, markets were falling to pieces, and the Fed slashed interest rates to 0% basically overnight. And that was the last time we had a rate cut. Ever since then, we’ve either had them steady or rising. So this is the first time in a while

Dave:
And heading into Covid, what was the federal funds rate at?

Jeanna:
So it was just under 2%. It was hovering around one six heading into the pandemic, and it had only been as high as about 2.4, 2.5% over the course of the decade preceding that. So we were relatively low but not at zero, and then we slashed it to zero right at the start of the pandemic.

Dave:
And then from there, I think starting in March of 2022, anyone in real estate knows what happens, but interest rates rose very quickly over a short period of time going up above 5% up until recently. And one of the interesting things is going into this meeting of the Fed in September is pretty much everyone knew they were going to cut rates. They’ve been telegraphing this for months, but the intrigue, at least for weird people like me who follow this so carefully is that we didn’t know how significant a cut it was going to be. I think originally people were thinking it would be 25 basis points, and for anyone listening, if you don’t know what a basis point is, it’s 100th of 1%. So when you say 25 basis points, it’s basically 0.25%. And so talking about cutting it 25 basis points and then there was higher inflation and worse labor data, and so they thought it was going to be 50 basis points. Ultimately they went with what most people would consider the bolder, more aggressive move to stimulate the economy of 50 basis points. What do you think that tells us about the Fed’s thinking right now?

Jeanna:
I think by choosing to go big here, they really sent a very clear message, which is that they don’t want to slow down the economy anymore. They think that inflation is basically on track to come under control. It’s come down really rapidly recently, the fed’s preferred inflation indicators at 2.5%. We’re going to get a new reading of it on Friday. So it’s been coming down steadily and that’s expected to continue. And so I think in that environment, in an environment where inflation is really moderating pretty solidly, the Fed is increasingly attuned to what’s happening in the labor market and they want to make sure that they don’t keep hitting the breaks so hard on the economy that they caused the job market to crash. And so I think this was a really clear statement that that is their top priority now it’s taking their foot off that gas pedal quickly enough to make sure that they can assure the soft landing.

Dave:
And just as a reminder, the Fed has what is known as the dual mandate from Congress where they have these somewhat competing priorities, which is one is price stability, a k, a fighting inflation. The other one is maximizing employment or AKA just stimulating the economy. And they’ve been on this. Those are the two things that they think about and they’ve been focused almost entirely on fighting inflation for the last two years. But Gina, what has changed? They’ve clearly made this big significant policy shift. What is going on in the broader economy that led them to make this change?

Jeanna:
Yeah, so I think the number one thing that’s happened is just inflation has come down a lot. We had 9.1% consumer price index inflation as of the summer of 2022. That was the peak and we’re down well below 3%. Now inflation has really moderated quite a bit and if you look at the Fed’s preferred gauge, it’s sort of a less dramatic decline, but still a pretty substantial decline. And so inflation has climbed down a lot and at the same time we’ve seen the job market really start to show cracks. It’s not obvious that the job market is following off a cliff yet we’re still adding jobs every month. Unemployment’s still at a historically relatively low level, but unemployment’s definitely creeping up. Job openings are really shutting down and we’re seeing some signs and hearing some signs anecdotally in the economy that hiring is really slowing. The companies are starting to pull back. And so I think you add that all up and it looks like a slightly more fragile situation. I think they’re just worried that if you keep pushing on the economy so hard, if you keep trying to slow it, there’s a real risk that you could cause some pain here and that pain might not really be necessary in a world where inflation is coming pretty clearly under control.

Dave:
And there’s a lot of historical precedent that shows that when the unemployment rate starts to tick up a little bit, it’s followed by a more aggressive increase in the unemployment rate. And so we’re starting to see just the beginnings of what could turn into a more serious job loss scenario. And so it does seem that they’re trying to send a strong signal to the economy. Alright, we know that the Fed cut rates and why it’s significant, but how much of an impact is this actually going to have on the economy and why have we seen mortgage rates actually go up since the Fed announcement? Gina’s analysis on all of this right after the break, everyone, welcome back to On the Market. I’m here with Gina Smick talking about the latest Fed rate cut. So let’s jump back in. Gina, I’m curious, is this just a signal or is the 50% basis point cut really going to have any sort of immediate impact to the economy?

Jeanna:
So I think it’s both. When you do a large rate cut like the one that they just did, that theoretically does translate over to all kinds of other interest rates. But the way that this stuff works in practice is that the moment we see these adjustments in markets is typically when markets start anticipating a rate cut rather than when the rate cut happens itself. And so the signal and the actuality are almost inseparable in this case. So when the Fed cut rates by half a point last week, it’s a good case in point. What that really did was it communicated to markets that the Fed is paying attention to this, that they’re ready to be sort of very forthright about rate cuts if that’s what’s necessary. And what we saw is sort of over the next couple of years, markets started anticipating a slightly more aggressive path forward for rate cuts. And so that translates into lower mortgage rates. It’s really the expectations that sort of moves markets translates what the Fed is planning on doing into the real world. And so I think that the expectations are really the kind of pivotal thing here, but the actuality of having done the half point cut is the thing that the expectations.

Dave:
Yeah, that makes sense. So we’ve talked about this just for everyone to remember. The Fed does not control mortgage rates. Their federal funds rate does have indirect implications for mortgage rates. They much more closely follow bond yields and bonds. To Gina’s point, we’re moving down for months ahead of this decision in anticipation of the cut, which is why at least the day of the cut mortgage rates actually went up because bond yields and bond traders, there’s a lot of calculations that go into bond prices that factor in not just the federal funds rate, but things like recession risk or inflation risk. And so all of those things are impacting mortgage rates and why they moved up. But I’m curious beyond mortgage rates, and we will get back to that, everyone talking about housing, we’re talking about trying to stave off a serious job loss situation, whether that’s a recession or not, but obviously the Fed doesn’t want the unemployment rate ticking up outside of highly leveraged industries like real estate where mortgage rates do almost have an immediate impact on the industry. Do you think this changes the, for let’s say manufacturing businesses or tech companies or restaurants, does this really change anything for them?

Jeanna:
I think over time the cost of capital absolutely does change things. For your run of the mill business. I think manufacturing is a good example because it’s very capital intensive. They operate on a lot of borrowed money. And I think that if your cost of capital is lower, if it’s cheaper to borrow, then it just means that you can make a profit at a much lower, you can turn a profit with a lower actual sort of revenue because you’re not spending so much on your interest costs. And so this does matter. I think it affects how people think about their future investments. But I think again, it really comes down to what the path going forward is. It’s not one rate cut that’s going to change the calculus for all of these actors across the economy. It’s really the path ahead, how much rates come down over the next couple of years, how that sort pairs up with what’s happening in the real economy.
If interest rates are coming down because we’re about to plunge into a recession, then I as a factory owner in the Midwest am not going to take out a huge loan and hugely expand my operations. But if interest rates are coming down because the Fed has declared victory over inflation and they’ve nailed the soft landing and they just don’t think they need to have high interest rates anymore, that could be a much more sort of positive story for my future investment. And so I think we’re at this moment where people are probably trying to figure out which of those scenarios we’re in, but it certainly could matter for how people think about investing.

Dave:
That makes a lot of sense. And it just seems like the mentality shift alone will do something that’s just a personal opinion, but the Fed has been so clear for two and a half years now that they are not being accommodative to business. That was not their priority. They were fighting inflation and now just this signal that they’re saying, Hey, listen, we know it’s been hard, the cost of capital has gone up so quickly and so rapidly that even if just 50 basis points doesn’t make deals pencil, just the knowing that the Fed is shifting their mentality towards business, I’m sure has some implication. Now, Gina, you mentioned that inflation has come down and that the Fed is feeling confident. And just for the record, it’s at CPIs at about 2.5%, the lowest it’s been since 2021, but not at the 2% target that the Fed has repeatedly stated. What is it about recent trends in data that seems to be giving the fed such confidence that they’re winning this battle?

Jeanna:
So I think it’s a couple of things. I think one is just the trend, right? If you look at it, if you look at the chart on a graph, you see just a steady hike up a hill where inflation is rising, rising, rising between 2021 and mid 2022. And currently we’re in this sort of down slope where it’s just steadily been coming down. And so it seems like it’s headed very much in the right direction. So I think the trend has one thing. I also think things sort of the fundamentals, like the things that go into inflation are making people feel pretty good. The decline’s been very broad based. It hasn’t just happened in one or two categories. This isn’t just a story of one thing getting back to normal. We’ve seen it happen across quite a few categories. It seems like a generalized decline, and I think that’s good because it makes you believe it’s more sustainable.
And then I think we’re starting to see some changes that in the broader economy that make you feel good, that inflation is likely to come back under control. One of those is that wage growth has slowed quite a bit. It sounds kind of ghoulish to be happy that wage growth has slowed, but wage growth is really, really rapid for a while during the deaths of this inflationary episode. And when you have really fast wage growth, you worry that that could potentially keep inflation at a sort of consistently higher level. And the reason is it’s pretty obvious to anybody who’s ever worked in the business world, if you are paying your employees a lot more and you are expecting that to happen sort of contractually year after year, you’re going to have to put up prices a little bit more or else you’re going to have to take a hit to your profit margins or else you’re going to have to improve productivity. One of those things has to happen. So assuming productivity is remaining relatively stable, you’re probably got to put prices up. And so I think that because wage growth has cooled off a little bit, I think officials are feeling a lot more confident that inflation’s capable of returning to those previous levels.

Dave:
Thank you for explaining that. If you’ve ever heard, if anyone listening has heard of the, I think they call it the wage price spiral. It’s basically that idea that businesses have increased costs due to labor. They’re paying their labor force more, which for most businesses is one of if not the largest expense that they have. And so then they pass that price, that increase in cost onto consumers, and then those consumers say, Hey, I go demand a raise because everything’s more expensive. And so then the businesses have more expenses that they pass on the consumers and it creates this cycle that can be really bad for inflation. And as Gina pointed out, that could be lessening. Now, the one thing at least I am concerned about Gina is housing. Because housing has been one of the biggest contributors to inflation over the last couple of years.
And you see that in asset prices, obviously with the price of houses, which is not typically reflected in the CPI, the consumer price index just so everyone knows. But rent is a big bucket in consumer price index and that has been huge and it’s just finally starting to come down. But with rate cuts, because again, real estate, highly leveraged industry, which just for everyone highly leveraged just means uses a lot of debt and this rate cuts could really help real estate. And I’m curious if there’s any concern from either the Fed or people you talk to that rent prices could go up or asset prices could start reinflating because of these rate cuts.

Jeanna:
This is definitely something people will bring up. I do think it’s important to kind of walk through the mechanics of how that would practically work. And I think when you do that, you feel a little bit less worried about this story. So I think like you mentioned, asset prices themselves do not factor in to the consumer price index. So home price goes up, the CPI, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which puts together the CPI index basically looks at that and says, that is an investment that is your investment appreciating. And so we’re not going to treat that as price inflation because really not the same thing. And so I think when you’ve got rates coming down, what you would most expect to see is that that’s sort of feeds into higher home prices because me a wannabe home buyer, I can afford a little bit more house in a world where interest rates are a little bit lower and there’s going to be more competition for houses because more people are going to be able to jump into the market, et cetera, et cetera.
Home prices go up a little that doesn’t really feed into inflation. The place where you could see an effect on inflation is really through the rental market. But we’ve got a couple of factors that matter here. One is that if people can jump into the market for purchased homes, if more people are capable of buying houses, then you would hope and expect that there’s going to be less pressure on the rental market. The second thing is we have had quite a lot of supply come online over the last couple of years and a couple of important markets in the Southeastern Sunbelt in particular, and that’s helping rent prices to go down right now, and that’s kind of slowly feeding into the rental data still. And then I think just the third thing which is important to note is that rent prices track really closely with wage growth.
If you chart them together, if you go to Fred and put rent of primary residence against average hourly earnings, you can see a really clear relationship there. And so I think the fact that wage growth has moderated somewhat, whichever is the chicken or the egg, I think can imagine that we’re going to see some rental growth moderation as well. Rent’s our biggest, there’s a reason it’s such an important number, it’s the thing we spend the absolute most money on in the typical person’s budget. And so it tends to reflect how much people can afford. And so I think for those three reasons, I don’t think we have to be super, super worried. Clearly it is something that because it’s such a big deal, it’s something that people are going to pay a lot of attention to.

Dave:
Okay, so it sounds like rent growth probably isn’t too big of an immediate concern, and that is consistent with everything we see. Gina, we talk to a lot of economists who focus on these things on the show, and so we hear that consistently that because of this multifamily influx of supply and a lot of the other variables you mentioned that rent growth has really moderated. It’s actually below wage growth right now in most markets in the us. But I guess the thing that I guess think about, I don’t know if I worry about it, is that even though housing prices aren’t in the CPI, and I understand why it’s not because it’s an investment, there’s a psychological element that just seeing housing prices take off again and for real estate investors, for some real estate investors, that’s a good thing. Personally, I would love to just see stable normal growth. That’s my preference as a real estate investor is just get back to that 3% appreciation rate. That’s normal. I just wonder what that does to the economy and to American consumer if home prices become so unaffordable that people feel like the American dream of home ownership is getting even further and further away. I wonder what that does to the economy in general. But I don’t know if I even have a question there, but that’s just something I think about a lot.

Jeanna:
I will say one interesting thing here, we also think about this a lot. I’ve written a lot of stories about this because it is the number one thing people will tell you if you survey them on the economy right now is the economy’s bad. I can never buy a house. Or interestingly, the economy’s bad. My kid can never buy a house. Older people who already own homes will feel bad about it because of the next generation. So I think this is obviously a huge concern. I will say that one thing that is really interesting is Larry Summers and a couple of co-authors did a really interesting paper on this earlier this year, but they were basically making the case that to a consumer, the fact that interest rates have been so much higher, the fact that mortgage rates have been so much higher, basically scans as part of this affordability problem.
It’s not just the house price, it’s the effective cost of owning a house every month. And so mortgage prices definitely factor into that equation. They’re a big part of the reason affordability has been so bad. And so I do think that it’s possible. I actually, I was playing around with some math on this. For a lot of people it will be the case that if you are completely financing a home purchase, your affordability is still going to look better with a slightly lower mortgage rate even if home prices accelerate a little bit. And so I do think that’s an important part of that equation.

Dave:
Okay, yeah, that’s good to think about and something that we’re just going to have to keep an eye on. As Gina mentioned of home affordability, there is a way to measure it. It’s basically a combination of wages, mortgage rates, home prices. It’s near 40 year lows. It’s close to since the early eighties when mortgage rates were like 18% was the last time we saw affordability this low. And most economists I talked to don’t think that’s sustainable. And I think that’s why a lot of people say the housing market’s going to crash or something like that, where in reality as we talk about on this show that a lot of the indicators don’t show that the housing market’s going to crash and instead the more likely path to restored affordability is slower. And I know that’s frustrating to people, but it’s going to be the most probable and no one knows.
But the most probable way we restore affordability is continued real wage growth, which we’re seeing, which is good, but that takes a long time and a slow and steady decline of mortgage rates back to a more normal rate or historic long-term averages, which is more towards a five and a half percent mortgage rate. Something like that would increase affordability, probably not as quickly as some people, but that is probably what’s going to happen. Okay, we have to hear one more quick word from our sponsors, but I am curious what you all think about this rate cut and what it means for the housing market. So if you’re listening on Spotify or YouTube, let us know in the poll below. Do you think this is going to help the housing market? Do you think it’s going to kick off more inflation or higher appreciation in the housing market? Please tell us your thoughts. We’ll be right back with Gina’s thoughts on the rate cuts that might be in store for 2025 right after this.
Welcome back investors. Let’s pick up where we left off, Gina. I wanted to shift towards the future. We’ve seen this rate cut now and the Fed a couple times a year puts out something called the summary of economic projections, which is not a plan. I want to shout that out, that this is not them saying this is what we’re going to do instead, it is a survey of the members of the FOMC, so it’s the people who vote on these things. It asks them where do they think things are going, how do they think the economy’s going? Can you give us a summary of what came out of this time in the summary of economic projections?

Jeanna:
Yeah, so the summary of economic projections comes out once every quarter. They do it four times a year and they tend to emphasize it exactly as much as they like what it says. So really if Jay Powell doesn’t like what it’s saying, he’s not a plan, this is not our plan. And then sometimes when he basically it seems aligned with their plans, he’ll be like, as you can see in the summary of economic projections. And I will say this was one of those, as you can see in the summary of economic projections month, they do seem to sort of be embracing it this time. So we got a forecast for interest rates for the next couple of years that shows that officials are likely to cut rates another half point this year and then a full point next year as well. So basically two more quarter point cuts or one more half point cut this year and then either two half point or four quarter point cuts next year if you’re doing the math at home.
So we are in for a pretty clear cycle of interest rate reductions going forward, and that’s predicated on a slightly slowing labor market. The Fed officials think that unemployment’s going to raise up to 4.4%, which is a little bit higher than the 4.2% we’re sitting at currently. And then in a immaculate moment, it’s just going to miraculously stabilize at 4.4% how that happens, not entirely clear, and inflation is going to steadily come down to the fed’s target over the next couple of years. And so it’s a pretty benign, benign cool down that they are forecasting, but obviously predicated on this idea that they’re going to lower interest rates.

Dave:
So they’re sticking with the soft landing is possible, meaning if you haven’t heard this term, soft landing, I don’t know where that term came up from, but it’s this continuous idea that you can raise interest rates without creating a recession was basically the whole idea back in 2022. And for context, when you raise interest rates, the whole point is to slow down the economy, and that’s because often the symptom of an overheated economy is inflation. And so the Fed is like, Hey, we got to slow this thing down, but they want to slow it down so perfectly that they can create this right set of conditions where interest rates are just at the right rate, where businesses are still hiring, they’re still growing, the economy is still growing, but inflation comes down. And so we’re yet to see if that’s possible. There’s a lot of recession red flags. A lot of economists I’d say are kind of split right now on are we heading towards a recession or not, but it looks like the Fed is sticking with their belief that they can pull this off, avoid an official recession and get inflation under control. Jane, I don’t know, in your work if you talk to a lot of economists, investors, do other people other than the Fed think this is possible?

Jeanna:
Yeah, I would say so. I think that actually pretty broadly, people are feeling fairly optimistic. I think partially because everyone spent years feeling pessimistic and then inflation came down really rapidly and pretty painlessly. And so I think the pessimists have been proven wrong pretty repeatedly for the last couple of years. So I think most people you talk to are feeling pretty good. I will say that there are some economists who are a little bit more concerned that if we take it for granted, we’re going to lose it. I think that there was definitely before this meeting, there was a real sense that the Fed needed to get, there’s a risk of overdoing it and causing some pain here. But in general, yeah, it seems like people are feeling pretty good. I think partially sort of encouraged by the fact that retail sales and overall growth and gross domestic product growth, they look pretty good right now. That part of the economy still looks really strong. We’re seeing a slowdown in the hiring obviously, but sort of the spending and consumption portions of the economy really holding up. That said, those things are lagging indicators, so they tend to sort of slow down later than the job market. And so I think that there’s a reason to read all of that with some caution.

Dave:
Alright, so what’s next for the Fed? We just had our September meeting. When is the next meeting and what are you looking out for?

Jeanna:
So the next meeting is very start of November, and I think that the big question is just going to be, are we still on track for these two more quarter point cuts this year? Is it going to be two quarter point cuts, one in November, one in December, which is their final meeting of the year? Just sort of the timing, pacing, all that kind of stuff. I think it’s going to be up in the year over the next couple of months. We’re going to have a lot of data before the next meeting, so we’ll have more jobs report, one more jobs report, we’ll have another couple of inflation reports. So I think that all of that paired together will kind of give us a clear idea of what’s likely to happen. And as often happens at moments like this when a lot is in flux and the Fed has to make some big decisions, fed officials are just speaking in full force at the moment. They are just everywhere. So I’m pretty sure that they will clearly communicate with us whatever is happening next, they’re clearly going to have

Dave:
Opportunities. Gina, I don’t know how long you’ve been following the Fed. For me as an investor, I used to kind of pay attention to what they were doing. Now I pay a ton of attention to what they’re doing. But it seems like in previous years, meetings were sort of a mystery. You didn’t really know what they were going to do and now they’ve gotten to this way of just telling you sort of ahead of time what they’re going to do and telegraphing it. Exactly. I’m just curious, has that changed in your career as you’ve covered the Fed? Do they do this more?

Jeanna:
Yeah, so I’ve been covering the Fed for 11 years now, a long time. I’ve been covering the Fed for a long time and it has certainly changed in that time. It’s become even more transparent. But I also wrote a book on the Fed, and a big chunk of my book on the Fed is about this question about how communications have changed over time. And so I’ve done a lot of research into this and it is just astonishing how much this has changed. We got up to the nineties and Alan Greens fan wasn’t regular, who was then the Fed chair wasn’t regularly announcing, announced Fed Fed decisions. People were just watching him walk out of the meetings and trying to gauge the size of his briefcase to try and figure out what had happened with interest rates.

Dave:
Oh my God.

Jeanna:
So not the paragon of transparency. And then only in the early two thousands did under Greenspan, but then much more intensely under Bernanke and Yellen. Did the Fed really start to sort of open up, explain what it was doing? Bernanke instituted the press conferences when Chair Powell, the current fed chair came in, he made those meeting. They were every quarter prior to that. And so we’ve really had to shift toward extreme transparency, very different from what the Fed had historically done.

Dave:
Interesting. That’s pretty fascinating. Yeah, I can imagine. Everything is a little bit more transparent, and at least as investors myself, I think it’s helpful and I think it probably helps avoid some extreme reactions or any panic in the markets when you can sort of drip out information slowly and at the right intervals to make sure that people understand what’s going on, but aren’t freaking out about potential outcomes that aren’t necessarily going to happen. Is that sort of the idea?

Jeanna:
Yeah, and I also think, so this was really an innovation under Ben Bernanke who had done a lot of research into the topic and sort of one of his many areas of expertise. But I think that the idea here is what you’re really doing when you are setting monetary policy is you are influencing expectations and you are sort of trying to guide people into an understanding of the future that will help that future to be realized. And so I think that he thought, and I think that it has sort of been shown by practice that if you communicated clearly what the Fed was doing and what its goals were, it was going to be easier to achieve those goals in sort of like a relatively painless and orderly manner. And so I think that’s been sort of the idea and the innovation, and I think that that’s why they focus so much on communications and so much on what they would call forward guidance, which is kind of communicating what they’re going to do so that they start to move economic conditions before they actually do anything. It’s been a real innovation in monetary policymaking, and it’s not just the Fed that’s doing this these days. This is sort of gold standard central banking practice all around the world at this stage.

Dave:
Alright, well thank you so much for explaining this. I’ve always been curious about that. Ben, thank you so much for sharing your insights on recent fed activity and your expectations, Jeanna. We really appreciate it.

Jeanna:
Thanks for having me.

Dave:
And if you want to read more about Jeanna’s work research book, we’ll put all of the contact information and links in the show notes below. Thank you all so much for listening to this episode of On The Market. We’ll see you next time. On The Market was created by me, Dave Meyer and Kaylin Bennett. The show is produced by Kaylin Bennett, with editing by Exodus Media. Copywriting is by Calico content, and we want to extend a big thank you to everyone at BiggerPockets for making this show possible.

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In This Episode We Cover

  • The Fed’s recent 0.50% rate cut explained and their forecast for 2025 rate cuts
  • The signal the Fed is sending by making a bigger rate cut (and preparing for more to come)
  • Why the Fed decided NOW was the time to finally cut rates (and whether it was too late)
  • Inflation updates and good news for the slowing of growing prices
  • Housing affordability and whether or not these rate cuts will help homebuyers/renters
  • And So Much More!

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Interested in learning more about today’s sponsors or becoming a BiggerPockets partner yourself? Email [email protected].

Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.

It’s time for an industry update. Embrace transparency for real

The commission lawsuits are a wakeup call for real estate, new Inman contributor Mathew Speer writes. Now is the time to raise your standards and truly embrace transparency.

Whether it’s refining your business model, mastering new technologies, or discovering strategies to capitalize on the next market surge, Inman Connect New York will prepare you to take bold steps forward. The Next Chapter is about to begin. Be part of it. Join us and thousands of real estate leaders Jan. 22-24, 2025.

The National Association of Realtors (NAR) settlement and other ongoing lawsuits against the real estate industry is a powerful wakeup call for brokerages and agents to rethink how they conduct business. As both professionals and consumers of real estate, agents have a unique opportunity — and responsibility — to evolve their practices for the greater good.

On the last four properties I listed, I embraced full transparency by pre-inspecting the homes, sharing property documents upfront, and allowing buyers to view all received offers.

This approach empowered buyers to purchase with confidence, demonstrating that a higher operating standard and transparency can simplify transactions and create a better way for everyone to buy and sell homes.

The settlement against the real estate industry is a wakeup call for brokerages and agents to rethink how we conduct business.

As both professionals and consumers, we have a unique opportunity — and responsibility — to evolve our practices for the greater good. The key to this evolution lies in restructuring our industry around a consumer-centric business model and committing to full transparency in real estate transactions.

Isn’t there a better way?

Before the lawsuit, I had been seeking a better way for consumers to transact real estate by examining my own practices: How can I be the real estate professional I would want to work with?

From the many commission lawsuits filed, it’s clear that many buyers and sellers are dissatisfied with the current process.

This dissatisfaction prompted me to analyze each transaction from both the buyer’s and seller’s perspectives, striving to simplify the process and prudently reduce costs. After years of research and experimentation, I realized that the solution is straightforward and could significantly enhance the industry’s reputation. More on this later.

Since the lawsuit, I’ve seen little change in how brokerages, coaches, or agents approach their business.

Most have merely focused on getting buyer agency agreements signed at the onset of a working relationship and not advertising co-op commissions on the MLS — essentially doing the bare minimum.

But this is a prime opportunity to restructure how we fundamentally help consumers transact real estate.

Two objectives

When we list a property for sale, we have two key objectives: to earn the seller’s trust and to convince a buyer to purchase the property. So why aren’t we raising our standards in how we market properties and prioritizing what buyers need to feel confident in their purchase?

Our goal should be to empower buyers with all the information they need upfront, building trust and simplifying the transaction process for both parties.

Currently, agents aren’t required to understand the properties they’re selling thoroughly. Some do take the time to gain a deep understanding and market the property with a higher standard, but others treat it merely as a transaction, missing the opportunity to build lifelong relationships that come from truly serving their clients.

This gap in knowledge often leads to distrust, turning transactions into adversarial negotiations that require independent representation for each party. However, by adopting a more informed and transparent approach, we can create a better way forward.

Instead of guarding the methods that I’ve had great success with, I believe in sharing them for the greater good — much like the open-source approach in tech.

In the last four properties I listed, I embraced full transparency by conducting pre-inspections, sharing all relevant documents upfront, and allowing buyers to view key details of all offers.

This approach empowered buyers to purchase with confidence, proving that higher standards and transparency can simplify transactions and create a better experience for everyone.

In the past

Gone are the days when listing agents could simply put a property on the market and rely on others to sell it. That’s a slow and costly process. If a seller hires you to sell their property, take pride in your work by empowering buyers to buy directly. Sell with transparency and integrity.

It’s time for agents to raise their standards and guide sellers to be the kind of sellers they would want to buy from. The market is shifting, and consumers are tired of the outdated ways of buying and selling. This is our chance to elevate our business, embrace a consumer-centered approach, and give the industry the update it desperately needs.

Mathew Speer is an agent at Local Real Estate Advisors in Denver, Colorado. Connect with him on Instagram or LinkedIn. 

3 complexities of senior home sales you should prepare for

Agents experienced in serving senior clients understand that these situations often require more than a traditional sales approach. They are prepared to offer creative, client-focused solutions to help facilitate a move that can be both physically and emotionally challenging.

Navigating cognitive impairment

Cognitive impairment is a significant issue among older adults, and real estate professionals must be ready to address its complexities.

Research from Columbia University indicates that nearly 10 percent of U.S. adults aged 65 and older have dementia, and 22 percent experience mild cognitive impairment. The rates increase sharply with age, with dementia affecting 3 percent of those aged 65 to 69 and rising to 35 percent for those 90 and over.

Given these statistics, it’s increasingly likely that agents will encounter clients facing such challenges, and they must be prepared to manage these situations effectively.

Consider a recent case where a real estate agent found himself in a difficult situation when his client, a widow, suddenly became unreachable. Concerned, the agent visited the client’s home, only to learn from a neighbor that she was in a behavioral health unit — a facility very different from a typical hospital where visitors are allowed.

The agent was unable to communicate with his client or obtain any information due to privacy laws, leaving him uncertain about how to proceed with the transaction.

Seeking guidance, the agent turned to his broker, who — despite years of experience coaching agents through challenging situations — also had no idea how to handle this or where to find help.

Two key lessons emerge from this situation. First, agents should always have emergency contacts on file for clients. Without a designated contact, the agent had no way to obtain instructions or clarify his client’s wishes.

Second, brokers and agents don’t need to be legal experts, but they would be wise to have a legal resource on speed dial — someone who can provide timely guidance on handling sensitive and legally complex situations like this.

Understanding estate planning documents and the closing process

With the increasing use of trusts and other estate planning tools, agents and brokers must understand their role in handling these sensitive documents. A recent situation illustrates the importance of knowing when a request is appropriate and when it may overreach.

A colleague was preparing for closing when the title company requested his client’s entire trust document. The agent had already provided a memorandum of trust, which is typically sufficient in his locale to verify the trustee’s authority to sell the property.

However, the title company’s representative insisted on reviewing the full trust document to “ensure fairness to all heirs.”

Baby boomers own 1/4 of all large homes in the US. They aren’t selling

Fifty-four percent of boomers who own their homes said they planned to live in them until they die, according to a new survey by Clever Real Estate.

Whether it’s refining your business model, mastering new technologies, or discovering strategies to capitalize on the next market surge, Inman Connect New York will prepare you to take bold steps forward. The Next Chapter is about to begin. Be part of it. Join us and thousands of real estate leaders Jan. 22-24, 2025.

Don’t look to baby boomers as a potential source of inventory.

A recent Clever survey of over 300 members of that generational cohort found that more than half of those who currently own a home have no intention of ever selling it.

While the generation, generally defined as those born between 1946 and 1964, own a significant portion of properties in the U.S., they have proven reluctant to part ways with their homes in recent years. Instead, Clever found, 54 percent said they plan to continue aging in place.

Just 15 percent of those surveyed said they expected to sell their homes in the next five years despite the fact that 9 out of 10 have concerns about some aspect of homeownership, like maintenance and upkeep.

“Those waiting for the so-called ‘silver tsunami’ to upend the housing market with millions of boomer-owned homes coming up for sale may be waiting longer than they think,” Clever wrote in its report.

The findings are in line with other surveys that have found older Americans would prefer to age in place. Periodic surveys by AARP have shown that as many as three out of four Americans over the age of 50 would rather stay in their homes as they age.

It is the latest signal that inventory may remain historically low even while making some gains through the summer.

Redfin has previously reported that baby boomers own about 28 percent of all three-bedroom homes in the U.S. That’s twice as many large homes as millennials who have kids, the January report found.

Clever’s survey found that more than half of boomers surveyed said their home simply meets their current lifestyle needs. Forty percent said they wouldn’t sell because their mortgage was paid off, and 37 percent said they planned to leave their homes behind as an inheritance. 

The survey found that rate-lock isn’t to blame for the freeze. Just 8 percent of respondents said they wouldn’t sell out of a fear of losing their current mortgage rates. 

Email Taylor Anderson